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US Government Flashcards

Chapter 5-7

1
Q

Political party

A

A group of persons who seek to control government through the winning of elections and holding of public office.

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2
Q

Political spectrum

A

The range of political views.

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3
Q

Bipartisan

A

The two major parties find common ground here.

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4
Q

The three elements of a political party

A
  1. ) The party organization: the professionals, who run the party at the national, states, and local level by a leader that gives their time, money, and skills.
  2. ) The party in government: the candidates and officeholders, who run for or hold elective or appoinitive offices in the executive, legislative, and judical branches at the federal, states, and local levels.
  3. ) The party in the electorate: the milions of people who identity as Republicans or Democrats that cast thier votes for a candidate that stands on key issues.
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5
Q

The five functions of political party

A
  1. ) Nominating candidates is a part of selecting a candidate for election to office. In a representative democracy, such as the united states, citizens vote to elect individuals to public offices
  2. ) Informing and Activating Supporters is to inform the people, and inspire and activate their interest and their participation in public affairs.
  3. ) The bonding agent is to ensure the good performance of its candidates and elected officeholders.
  4. ) Governing in respects, government in the united states is government by party.
  5. )The watchdog it plays this role as it criticizes the policies and behavior of the party in power.
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6
Q

Why are there two major political parties?

A

Republicans and Democrats

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7
Q

Incumbent

A

The current officeholder

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8
Q

Electorate

A

All of the people entitled to vote in a given election

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9
Q

Era of divided government, 1968-Today

A

From this election on, neither party consistently holds the presidency, and congress is often controlled by the opposing party

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10
Q

The four minor parties

A
  1. ) Ideological parties is based on a particular set of beliefs, a comprehensive view of social ,economic, and political matters.
  2. ) Single issue parties that concentrate on only one public policy matter.
  3. ) Economic protest parties rooted in poor economic times, lacking a clear ideological base, dissatisfied with current conditions and demanding better times.
  4. ) Splinter parties that have split away from one of the major parties.
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11
Q

Why is the minor parties are important in the united states?

A

Sometimes forcing one or both major parties to adopt new positions on public policy matters

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12
Q

Ward

A

A unit into which cities are often divided for the election of city council members.

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13
Q

Precinct

A

The smallest unit of election administration; a voting district

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14
Q

Why political parties are decentralized?

A

The impact of federalism and nominating process

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15
Q

Transient

A

Person living in a state for only a short time, without legal residence

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16
Q

Registration

A

A procedure of voter identification intended to prevent fraudulent voting.

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17
Q

What are the universal requirements to be able to vote?

A

Citizenship, legal residence of the state, and at least be 18 years old.

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18
Q

The past methods to stop minority voters from exercising their right to vote?

A
  • the literacy qualification

- the tax payment requirements

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19
Q

The conditions peolpe are denied the vote

A

persons who have been legally found to be mentally incompetent , convicted of serious crimes, and convicted felons to regain the right to vote

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20
Q

Off-year election

A

Congressional election that occurs between presidential election years

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21
Q

Political efficacy

A

One’s own influence or effectiveness on politics

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22
Q

Political socialization

A

The process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions

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23
Q

Gender gap

A

Measurable differences between the partisan choices of men and women today

24
Q

Party indentification

A

Loyalty of people to a political party

25
Q

Straight-ticket voting

A

The practice of voting for candidates of only one party in an election

26
Q

Split-ticket voting

A

Voting for candidates of different parties for different offices at the same election

27
Q

Independent

A

A term used to describe people who have no party affiliation

28
Q

Independent

A

A term used to describe people who have no party affiliation

29
Q

Nomination

A

The process of candidates selection in an electoral system

30
Q

Caucus

A

As a nominating device, a group of like minded people who meet to select the candidates they will support in an upcoming election

31
Q

The pattern of voting in presidential and off-year election

A

The congressional election held in the even numbered years between presidential election have even lower rates of turnout

32
Q

Why voter do or don’t show up in off-year election?

A

Voter turnout varies from election to election, but
presidential elections always draw more voters
than off-year elections.

33
Q

How people gain political attitudes and opinions?

A

political socialization

34
Q

Where does the information on how peolpe come from?

A
  • the results of particular election
  • the field of survey research, scientific polls of the public opinion
  • the studies of political socialization
35
Q

What factors influence voters?

A

Voters are influenced by sociological factors
such as income, occupation, education,
gender, age, religion, ethnic background,
geography, and family.

36
Q

What group voters belong to and influence on voting?

A

Party identification, candidates, and issues

37
Q

Why candidates and issues can influence how someone votes?

A

The candidates personality, character, style, appearance, past record, and abilities. The role of issues depend on the emotional content of the issues themselves, the voters’ awareness of them, and the way in which the contending candidates present them to the electorate.

38
Q

Ballot

A

The device voters use to register a choice in an election

39
Q

Absentee voting

A

Provisions made for those unable to get to their regular polling places on election day

40
Q

Precinct

A

The smallest unit od election administration; a voting district

41
Q

Polling place

A

The palce where the voters who live in a certain precinct go to vote

42
Q

What is the magic phrase to remember when general election are held?

A

In November of every even numbered year

43
Q

What are the four features of the Australian ballot?

A
  1. ) it is provided at public expense
  2. ) lists the names of all candidates in an election
  3. ) is given out only at the polls, one to each qualified voter
  4. ) can be marked in secret
44
Q

The four key points from the help american vote act (HAVA)?

A
  1. ) replace all their lever operated and punchcard voting devices
  2. ) upgrade their administration of election
  3. ) centralize and computerize their voter registration systems
  4. ) provide for porvisional voting
45
Q

Other voting methods

A

Electronic vote counting, vote by mail elections, and online voting,

46
Q

Political action committee (PAC)

A

The political extension of special-interest groups which have a major stake in public policy

47
Q

Hard money

A

Campaign money that is subject to regulations by the FEC

48
Q

soft money

A

Money given to state and local party organizations for voting related activities

49
Q

EMILY

A 
Early
Money 
Is 
Like 
Yeast
, it makes the dough rise
50
Q

The five sources of private campaign funds

A
  1. ) small contributors
  2. ) wealthy individuals and families
  3. ) candidates
  4. ) various nonparty groups
  5. ) temporary organizations
51
Q

What election the federal government can regulate?

A

Set rule like the Novmber election dates, for electing members of congress, and the president. Congress requires the use of secret ballots, bans corruption, protects voting rights, and regulates campaign finacing..

52
Q

The four key points from the help american vote act (HAVA)?

A
  1. ) replace all their lever operated and punchcard voting devices
  2. ) upgrade their administration of election
  3. ) centralize and computerize their voter registration systems
  4. ) provide for porvisional voting
53
Q

How the FEC regulates federal election money?

A

The disclosure of campaign finances, limits contribution and expenditures, and provide federal funding for presidential election.

54
Q

What the difference between hard and soft money?

A

Hard money is contributions given directly to candidates and soft money is funds given to parties or political organizations

55
Q

How the FEC regulates federal election money?

A

The disclosure of campaign finances, limits contribution and expenditures, and provide federal funding for presidential election

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