URR Flashcards
The amplitude of the E in MS does what?
Increases
What does the Ross procedure do?
Own pulmonic valve replaces aortic valve
What will the E/A look like on restrictive CMO caused by amyloidosis?
E/A 2.0 or higher
MS does what to LV wall thickness?
Does not affect it
The average normal difference between the aorta and pulmonary artery is what?
100 mmhg
The peak velocity across a PDA should be what with normal pressures?
5 m/s
The pulmonic valve usually has what acceleration time?
A longer acceleration time due to its low resistance
Pulmonary stenosis does what to acceleration time?
Decreases
The aortic valve has a what acceleration time?
A shorter acceleration time due to its higher resistance
What is the pressure difference between the RV and MPA?
5 mmhg
Acceleration time does what as aortic stenosis increases?
Increases
TS will have a what peak diastolic velocity?
Increased because flow through the TV occurs in diastole
What happens to the E deceleration time in patients with restrictive CMO?
Shortened decel time of the E wave and an increase in E/A ratio
MS does what to the E wave and deceleration time?
Increase in the E wave and increase in the deceleration time
Grade 1 diastolic dysfunction does what to the E wave and E/A ratio?
Causes a reduction in the E velocity and an E/A ratio <1.0
Severe acute AI will cause what filling pattern and does what to the E/A ratio?
Will cause a restrictive filling pattern and an E/A ratio of >1.5
Constrictive pericarditis does what the MV inflow?
Has a E/A >1.5 but E’ and E/E’ are normal. E’ >8 and E/E’<8
What do you use when assessing diastolic dysfunction in patients with a-fib?
TR velocity
What is propranolol?
A beta blocker that can prevent increased flow gradients with exercise but has no effect on resting gradients. It is used to treat HOCM and also MVP
What feeds the inferior wall of the LV and the posteromedial papillary muscle?
RCA
What is the BAV murmur?
Systolic ejection click heard immediately after S1
What is Amyl Nitrate?
Vasodilator that increases cardiac output and increases systolic murmurs like HOCM
Endocarditis causes formation of vegetations on what side of valves?
Flow side of valves
Abnormal LVAD findings
Changes in LV chamber size, changes in septal position, changes in AV opening frequency, changes to regurg levels
Atrioventricular canal defects is associated with what?
Trisomy 21
Epstein anomaly is associated with what type of ASD?
Secundum ASD
Most common complication of an acute MI
LV aneurysm formation
Normal PCWP?
<10 mmhg
Normal diastolic pressure in the pulmonary artery?
< 15 mmhg
Normal RV diastolic pressure is usually what?
3-8 mmhg
If the PI velocity is 2m/s this indicative of what?
Abnormal diastolic pressure in the PA (16 mmhg)
A primum ASD is commonly associated with what MV abnormality?
Cleft MV
Blood in a true aneurysm of the LV is contained by what?
Myocardium
Blood in a pseudoaneurysm of the LV is contained by what?
Pericardium
Severe PI will demonstrate what doppler waveform?
A dense waveform with a low peak velocity and steep slope <100 msec. So the more the severe the PI, the less the pressure half time
