Urology - Haematuria

Question 1

False causes of haematuria

Answer 1

• Beetroot
• Rifampicin
• Porphyria
• PV bleed

Question 2

Cause of haematuria: renal

Answer 2

• Infarct
• Trauma (including stones)
• infection
• neoplasm
• Glomerulo nephritis
• polycystic kidneys

Question 3

Cause of haematuria: ureteric

Answer 3

• Stone

- Tumour

Question 4

Cause of haematuria: bladder

Answer 4

• infection
• stones
• tumour
• exercise (rabdo?)

Question 5

Cause of haematuria: prostate

Answer 5

• PBH
• Prostatitis
• tumour

Question 6

Cause of haematuria: urethra

Answer 6

• Infection
• stones
• trauma
• tumour
• human idiocy

Question 7

Haematuria: clinical features - what questions should you ask?

Answer 7

• Timing: beginning of stream (urethral), mid stream (renal/systemic/bladder), end of stream (bladder stone, schistosomiasis)
• Painful of painless?
• Obstructive symptoms?
• Systemic symptoms: wt loss, appetite, anaemia, masses, etc

Question 8

Haematuria: Ix

Answer 8

• Bloods: FBC, U+E, clotting, G&S + X match
• urine: dip, MC+S, cytology
• imaging: renal US, IVU, flexible cystoscopy + biopsy, CT/MRI, renal angio