URINARY TRACT - IM

Question 1

___________—when increased
abdominal pressure causes bladder
pressure to exceed urethral resistance
due to poor urethral sphincter
tone or poor support of bladder
neck;

Answer 1

Stress incontinence

Question 2

________—when
urgency is followed by immediate
involuntary**leakagedue to uncontrolled
detrusor contractions**that
overcome urethral resistanc

Answer 2

urge incontinence

Question 3

______________—when neurologic
disorder or anatomic obstruction
from pelvic organs or the prostate
limits bladder emptying until the
bladder is overdistended

Answer 3

overflow
incontinence

Question 4

______________may arise
from impaired cognition, musculoskeletal
problems, or immobility.

Answer 4

Functional incontinence

Question 5

Blood in the urine, or hematuria, is a major cause for concern.
When visible to the naked eye, it is called _______________;

Answer 5

gross hematuria

Question 6

Blood may be detected only during microscopic
urinalysis, known as _____________; smaller amounts of
blood may tinge the urine with a pinkish or brownish cast. In women, be
sure to distinguish menstrual blood from hematuria. If the urine is reddish,
ask about medications that might discolor the urine.

Answer 6

microscopic hematuria

Question 7

Disorders of the urinary tract may
also cause kidney pain, often reported as flank pain at or below the posterior
costal margin near the costovertebral angle. It may radiate anteriorly
toward the umbilicus.

Question 8

Kidney pain is a visceral pain usually produced by
distention of the renal capsule and _______________

Answer 8

typically dull, aching, and steady

Question 9

_____________ is dramatically different. It is usually severe and colicky, originating
at the costovertebral angle and radiating around the trunk into the
lower quadrant of the abdomen, or possibly into the upper thigh and testicle
or labium.

Answer 9

. Ureteral
pain

Question 10

Ureteral pain results from sudden distention of the ureter
and associated distention of the renal pelvis.

Ask about any associated fever,
chills, or hematuria.

Question 11

______________occur
in acute pyelonephritis

Answer 11

Kidney pain, fever, and chills

Question 12

Renal or ureteral colic is caused
by___________
for example, from renal or urinary
stones or blood clots.

Answer 12

sudden obstruction of a ureter,