Urinary System Part 2 Test Prep

Question 1

The process of disposing metabolic wastes is called

Answer 1

Excretion

Question 2

The most common solid renal mass found in childhood is:

Answer 2

Wilms tumor

Question 3

The most echogenic portion(s) of the kidney is(are) the:

Answer 3

Sinus

Question 4

Renal cell carcinoma commonly invades the IVC via the:

Answer 4

renal vein

Question 5

The normal bladder wall should be smooth and thin and measure between ____________ millimeters (mm).

Answer 5

3 to 6

Question 6

A congenital obstruction found in utero and in infants is called a(n):

Answer 6

Ureteropelvic junction

Question 7

The vessel seen posterior to the IVC on the sagittal scan represents the:

Answer 7

Right renal artery

Question 8

A potential space located between the liver and right kidney is:

Answer 8

Morison’s pouch

Question 9

Which one of the following is present in urine whenever extensive damage or destruction of the functioning erythrocytes occurs?

Answer 9

Hemoglobin

Question 10

In the adult, a postvoid residual of less than _____ ml of urine is considered normal.

Answer 10

50

Question 11

A cystlike enlargement of the distal end of the ureter is called a:

Answer 11

Ureterocele

Question 12

A common benign vascular fatty tumor of the kidney is called a(n):

Answer 12

angiomyolipoma

Question 13

Hydronephrosis may be best demonstrated sonographically by which one of the following patterns?

Answer 13

Fluid filled pelvocalieall collecting system

Question 14

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may be characterized by all of the following statements except:

Answer 14

The involved kidneys are small and extremely echogenic

Question 15

The left renal vein courses:

Answer 15

Anterior to aorta

Question 16

Which one of the following describes the sonographic appearance of chronic pyelonephritis?

Answer 16

Inability to distinguish the cortex from the medullary regions

Question 17

Papillary necrosis may develop within ________ after renal transplantation.

Answer 17

Weeks or months

Question 18

An extremely large echogenic renal sinus that appears to engulf the entire renal parenchymal outline suggests:

Answer 18

Lipomatosis

Question 19

All of the following statements about the kidneys are true except:

Answer 19

The kidneys are intraperitoneal in location

Question 20

Parapelvic cysts are located in the:

Answer 20

renal hilum

Question 21

The sonographic appearance of tuberous sclerosis may be difficult to differentiate from:

Answer 21

Adult polycystic kidney disease

Question 22

Fusion of the lower pole of the kidneys is called a:

Answer 22

Horseshoe kidney

Question 23

A cortical bulge in the lateral border of the kidney is called a(n):

Answer 23

Dromedary hump

Question 24

A renal sonogram is performed. The finding of hypoechoic areas adjacent to the renal sinus is most consistent with:

Answer 24

Renal pyramid

Question 25

Which one of the following clinical findings is the most likely reason for a renal artery Doppler examination?

Answer 25

Hypertension

Question 26

Dilation of the renal pelvis may be caused by all of the following except:

Answer 26

Oliguria

Question 27

The left kidney is in contact with the:

Answer 27

spleen, pancreas, colon, and jejunum

Question 28

Which one of the following disorders does not produce a complex sonographic pattern?

Answer 28

Congenital simple cyst

Question 29

Outside the renal capsule is the:

Answer 29

Perinephric fat

Question 30

In cases of nephrocalcinosis, calcium deposits are usually located in the:

Answer 30

Medulla

Question 31

Renal vein thrombosis may be visualized in patients with:

Answer 31

Renal cell carcinoma

Question 32

A posttransplant perinephric fluid collection includes all of the following except:

Answer 32

Ureterocele

Question 33

The most common location of renal ectopia is the:

Answer 33

Pelvis

Question 34

Which one of the following describes a bladder diverticulum?

Answer 34

Herniation of the bladder wall

Question 35

Identify the type of hydronephrosis demonstrating dilatation of the renal pelvis with thinning of the renal cortex.

Answer 35

grade 4

Question 36

A dilated renal pelvis without ureteral dilation is observed in patients with:

Answer 36

ureteropelvic junction obstruction

Question 37

Ureteral jets are not visualized in patients with:

Answer 37

Obstruction

Question 38

A triangular-shaped defect located anteriorly in the upper pole of the kidney most likely represents a(n):

Answer 38

Junctional parenchymal defect

Question 39

The right kidney is in contact with the:

Answer 39

Liver, colon, adrenal gland

Question 40

A common finding in people over 50 years of age is:

Answer 40

Renal cysts

Question 41

The kidneys are located in the

Answer 41

Retroperitoneal cavity

Question 42

Choose the cause of renal artery stenosis that accounts for two thirds of all cases in young patients.

Answer 42

Fibromuscular dysplasia

Question 43

Which of the following is an indirect, sonographic sign of renal function?

Answer 43

Urethral jets

Question 44

Pyonephrosis refers to the presence of:

Answer 44

Pus in a dilated collecting system

Question 45

Which one of the following statements about the kidneys is false?

Answer 45

The kidneys are rigidly fixed on the abdominal wall