urinary system and lymphatic system Flashcards
Trace urine formation throughout the kidney.
- Nephron
- Renal papilla
- Minor calyx
- Major calyx
- Renal pelvis
- Ureter
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
The collecting duct in the presence of ADH produces a _____ (small, large) volume of _______ (concentrated, dilute) urine. The collecting duct in the absence of ADH produces a ________ (small, large) volume of _______ (concentrated, dilute) urine.
In the presence of ADH, the collecting duct is permeable to water and water is reabsorbed resulting in a SMALL volume of CONCENTRATED urine. In the ABSENCE of ADH, the collecting duct is impermeable to water and the result is the production of a LARGE volume of DILUTE urine.
What part of the kidney does the actual filtration?
Glomerulus
What is filtrate?
Filtrate is the first crude step in urine formation. It is composed of some water and small solutes from blood cells and other large molecules during filtration that is collected by the Bowman capsule. This filtrate will later become urine.
How do tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion relate?
Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion both happen in the nephron. Solutes are reabsorbed by active and cotransport, and water passes by osmosis. Secreted substances enter the filtrate.
What structure is responsible for majority of reabsorption?
The proximal convoluted tubule. Mainly reabsorption of GLUCOSE, AMINO ACIDS, UREA, AND SOME IONS.
Descending limb vs ascending limb of loop of henle
Descending limb: reabsorbs water.
Ascending limb: Reabsorbs solutes.
Both function in creating concentrated urine.
Where is filtrate formed?
Renal corpuscle
What drains the glomerulus?
Efferent arterioles (NOT VEINS)
The thoracic duct drains what?
The lower right half of the body and the entire left side of the body.
The right jugular, right subclavian, and right bronchomediastinal trunks drain what?
The right side of the head, the upper right limb, and the right side of the thorax.
In 20% of the population, people have a variant where the three trunks join to form a short duct, called the _______ ?
Right lymphatic duct.
What is an enlarged terminus of the thoracic duct as it receives lymph from the digestive viscera?
The cisterna chyli
