Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Urinary System Asses chap 45 TEST 3 > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Dysuria

A

Pain when urinating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should the nurse do if urine dipstick test shows protein in urine?

A

Ask what meds patient takes, medication can affect testing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nephron

A

Functional unit of the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

GFR

A

Amount of blood filtered per minute by the kidneys ( normal is 125 mL/ min)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Costovertebral angle (cva)

A

Landmark useful in locating kidneys- formed by rib cage and vertebral column.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anuria

A

Urine output < 100 mL per 24 hrs.

Basically no urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Enuresis

A

Involuntary nocturnal urination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Oliguria

A

Scant urine

100-400mL per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Polyuria

A

Large amount of urine in a given time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is acetazolazide given?

A

To alkalize urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is mannitol given?

A

To decrease intracranial pressure

( for cerebral edema)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 side effects of furosemide Lasix- loop diuretic

Remember works on loop of Henley ( loops lose calcium!)

A

Ototoxicity ( ringing ears)
Hypokalemia

Will remove calcium, chloride ect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Works on distal convoluted tubule.

Calcium SPARING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Triamterene

A

Potassium SPARING. Gets rid of sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spironolactone

A

Potassium sparing. Could cause hyperkalemia.
S/E gynocomastia
Arythmia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Causes of kidney damage?

A

Acute:
dehydration
Hypovolemia

Chronic:
Diabetes
Renal artery stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Acute renal failure- cause of prerenal?

A

Poor renal perfusion

Hypovolemia
Injury
Dehydration
Heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A renal stone in the pelvis of the kidney will alter the function of the kidneys by interfering with

A

The collection and drainage of urine from the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Intrarenal

Direct damage

A

Pyelonephritis
Infections
Nephrotoxic medications
Direct injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Post renal

Urinary obstruction

A

BPH
Renal stone
Stricture
( anything that causes stasis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Renal failure

A

Retain waste products
Sodium
Potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens in chronic kidney disease

A 
Malaise
Hypertension
Proteinuria
Hyperkalemia -arrhythmia 
Mineral and bone disorders 
Neuropathy 
Metabolic acidosis
Severe uremia- pruritis , CNS depression
Edema
Oliguria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A patient with kidney disease has oliguria and a creatinine clearance 40 ML per minute. These findings most directly reflect abnormal function of

A

Glomerular filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The nurse identifies a risk for urinary calculi in a patient who relates a past history that includes

A

Hyperparathyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Diminished ability to concentrate urine, associated with aging of the urinary system, is attributed to

A

Decreased function of the loop of Henley and tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

During the physical assessment of the urinary system the nurse

A

Auscultated over each CVA to detect impaired renal bloodflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Severe uremia

A

Pruritis

CNS depression

28
Q

Normal findings expected by the nurse on physical assessment of the urinary system include

A

A nonpalpable left kidney and no CVA tenderness elicited by kidney punch

29
Q

A diagnostic study that indicates renal bloodflow, glomerular filtration, tubular function, and excretion is

A

A renal scan

30
Q

Dialysis

A

Major fluid shifts! Monitor BP
No BP IN ARM with shunt
Thrill and bruit

Can feel a thrill!
Auscultation for bruit!

31
Q

Pyelonephritis

A 
Assessment:
Dysuria
Fever
Fatigue
Flank pain
N &amp; V
32
Q

I’m reading the urinalysis results of a dehydrated patient, the nurse would expect to find

A

Specific gravity of 1.035

33
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

Inflammation of the glomeruli which affects both kidneys equally and is 3rd leading cause of ESKD in the US.

34
Q

Foods high in purine

A

Sardines, mussels, liver, kidney, meat soups sweetbreads.

Medium levels- chicken , salmon, crab

35
Q

Foods high in calcium

A

Milk, fish with bones, dried fruits, nuts, ovaltine, chocolate.

36
Q

High oxalate foods

A

Dark roughage, spinach, rhubarb, cabbage, celery, parsley, chocolate, instant coffee, tea

37
Q

When teaching a patient with pyelonephritis about the disorder the nurse informed the patient that the organisms that cause Pyelonephritis most commonly reach the kidneys through

A

And ascending infection

38
Q

The immunologic mechanisms involved in a post streptococcal glomerulonephritis include

A

Thickening of the GBM from auto immune microangiographic changes

39
Q

The edema that occurs in nephrotic syndrome is due to

A

Decrease colloidal osmotic pressure caused by loss of serum albumin

40
Q

A patient has admitted to the hospital with severe renal colic. The nurse is first priority and management of the patient is to

A

Administer opioids as prescribed

41
Q

A patient with a Ureterolithotomy returns from surgery with the nephrostomy tube in place. Post operative nursing care of the patient includes

A

Encouraging fluids of at least 2 to 3 L per day after nausea has subsided

42
Q

A patient has had a cystectomy and ilio conduit diversion performed. Four days postoperatively, mucus threads are seen in the drainage bag. The nurse should

A

Chart that has a normal observation

43
Q

What descriptions characterize acute kidney injury

A

The primary cause of death is infection and the disease course is usually reversible

44
Q

RIFLE defines three stages of a KIA based on changes in the

A

Serum creatinine or urine output from baseline

45
Q

During the oliguric phase of AKI, the nurse managers the patient for

A

ECG changes and pulmonary edema

46
Q

If a patient is in the diuretic phase of AKI, the nurse must monitor for which serum electrolytes and balances?

A

Hypokalemia and hypo natremia

47
Q

A patient is admitted to the hospital with chronic kidney disease. The nurse understands that this condition is characterized by

A

Progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys

48
Q

Nurses need to teach patients at risk for developing chronic kidney disease. Individuals considered to be at risk include

A

Older African-Americans, patients over 60 years old, those with a history of hypertension, and those with a history of type two diabetes

49
Q

Patients with chronic kidney disease experience an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease related to

A

Hypertension, vascular calcification’s, and hyper insulinemia causing dyslipidemia

50
Q

Nutritional support and management or essential across the entire continuum of chronic kidney disease. Which statements would be considered true related to nutritional therapy?

A

Fluid is usually restricted for patients receiving peritineal dialysis, sodium and potassium maybe restricted in someone with advanced chronic kidney disease, decreased fluid intake and low potassium diet or hallmarks of the diet for a patient receiving hemodialysis

51
Q

And ESKD patient receiving hemodialysis is considering asking a relative to donate a kidney for transportation. In assisting the patient to make a decision about treatment, the nurse informed the patient that

A

A successful transplantation usually provides better quality of life than that offered by dialysis

52
Q

To assess the patency of a newly placed arteriovenous graft for dialysis, the nurse should

A

Palpate the area of the graph to fill a normal thrill, listen with the stethoscope over the graph to detect a bruit, frequently monitor the pulses and neurovascular status distal to the graft

53
Q

A major advantage of peritoneal dialysis is

A

The diet is less restricted and dialysis can be performed at home

54
Q

A kidney transplant pt complains of having fever, chills, and dysuria over the past two days. What is the first action that the nurse should take

A

Assess the temperature and initiate work up to rule out infection

55
Q

Acute kidney injury

A

Sudden loss of renal function due to poor circulation or renal cell damage

  • usually reversible
56
Q

Which of the following patients highest risk for a urinary tract infection?1
Grade: 1
A 78-year- old female with dementia and incontinence
A 23-year- old female with anemia and history of inguinal hernia repair
A 78-year- old male with urinary urgency
A 56-year- old female with uterine prolapse

A

A 78-year- old female with dementia and incontinence

57
Q

Glomerulonephritis is _____________.1

A

An inflammatory disorder of the glomerulus caused by immunological reaction

58
Q

Your patient is receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following should you report to the physician immediately?

A

Cloudy outflow

59
Q

Which statement from a patient would cause you to suspect renal calculi?

A

“I have sudden sharp pain that goes from my back to my testicles.”

60
Q

Which of the following is an important dietary recommendation for patients with chronic kidney disease?

A

low potassium

61
Q

The signs and symptoms of your patient with acute kidney injury result from the kidneys inability to regulate fluid and electrolytes. True or false?

A

TRUE

62
Q

The most common cause of acute kidney injury is from the prerenal phase. What is this?

A

decrease in blood flow to the kidney

63
Q

Your dialysis patient has a fistula. You assess for a bruit and a thrill but do not hear/feel it. What is your first step before calling the physician?

A

There is not a nursing intervention; you must call the MD for further orders

64
Q

_______________ is the most common cause of urosepsis.

A

use of urinary catheter

65
Q

Nephrotic syndrome is __________________.

A

a kidney disease where protein is lost by plasma into the urine

66
Q

For stable patient with chronic kidney disease that is continuing to decompensate, what will most likely be initiated?

A

dialysis

Urinary System Asses chap 45 TEST 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions