Urinary System Flashcards
Reddish/brown in color, deeper than renal cortex
Renal Medulla
Outer region of kidney, tends to be lighter in color
Renal Cortex
Triangular regions that appear striated
Renal Pyramids
Each renal pyramid ends in ____________.
Renal papilla
Areas of cortical tissue that separate the renal pyramids
Renal Columns
Flat, basin like cavity that empties into ureter
Renal Pelvis
Each renal pyramid empties it’s urine into _______________.
minor calyx
Several minor calyces merge to form _______________.
a major renal calyx
The functional unit of a kidney
Microscopic filtering units of kidney
Functions: filtration, absorption, secretion
Composed of: renal corpuscle and renal tubule
Nephron
Each nephron contains ______________.
*Function: filtration - pressure forces substances out of glomerulus and into Bowman’s capsule
a Renal Corpuscle
A double walled structure that surrounds a glomerulus
Bowman’s capsule
Glomerulus:
collection of blood capillaries.
The renal tubule consists of:
Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
Loop of Henle
a Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
and a Collecting duct - OR - collecting tubule
Narrow tubes connect kidneys to bladder
Use peristalsis to transport urine from renal pelvis (of kidney) to bladder
Ureters
Take blood AWAY from kidney
Renal vein
Bring blood to kidneys
Renal arteries
Takes blood AWAY from glomerulus
Efferent arteriole
Brings blood to Glomerulus
Afferent arteriole
Surrounds tubular portion of nephron
Peritubular capillaries
The ______________ consists of: Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) - closest to the Bowman’s capsule, tightly-coiled tube. Loop of Henle - single loop that dips down into medulla, Distal convoluted tubule (DCT) - farthest from Bowman’s capsule, collecting duct - collects urine from several nephrons takes urine to renal papillae, juxtaglomerular apparatus - regulates blood pressure
The Renal tubule
Nephron (glomerulus, PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT) ~> Collecting duct ~> Renal papillae ~> Calyx ~> Renal pelvis ~> Ureter ~> Bladder ~> Urethra ~> Urethral orifice
Drainage of Urine (order)
Glomerulus filtration ~> Tubular reabsorption ~> Tubular secretion ~> Urine concentration ….
Steps of Urine Formation
Tube from bladder to outside of body, on female: shorter, approx. 1.5”, external opening above vaginal opening, Males: longer, approx. 6-8”, passes thru prostate gland and penis. Has mucous membrane lining.
Functions: carries urine from body - in males, also carries sperm from body
Urethra
This sphincter in the urinary system, there is INVOLUNTARY control
Internal urethral
