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Cell Bio Test IV > urinary system > Flashcards

urinary system Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the hilum of the kidney and what is it for?

A

it is a depression of thin the kidneys surface where vessels and nerves pas where ureter exits the kidneys and the renal pelvis is the proximal end of the ureter

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2
Q

what is the renal sinus

A

fat filled cavity enclosing the renal atery vein and lymph and the ureter and nerve fibers

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3
Q

what is the capsule of the kidney made out of

A

outer layer has dense CT collagen and fibroblasts and niner layer has myofibroblasts

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4
Q

what is the cortex of the kidney

A

outer region, tissue over the base of pyramid is the cortical arch,

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5
Q

what are the renal comums of bertins

A

consisting of the cortical tissue but resides in the between and is a part of the medulla.

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6
Q

what does the apex of each pyramids drain its unrine into

A

minor calyx, to major calyx to ureter to bladder to potty,

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7
Q

what is the cortical labyrinth

A

contains renal corpuscles, convoluted tubes, and collecting tubes

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8
Q

what are the medullary rays

A

proximal straight, distal and collecting ducts.

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9
Q

what is a uriniferous tubule

A

a nephron and its collecting tuble

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10
Q

what is a nephrone

A

is the structural and functional unit of the kidney

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11
Q

what is a renal lobe consist of

A

medullary pyramide and the underlying cortical tissue and half the column of burton on either side

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12
Q

what is a renal lobule

A

a collecting duct and all the collecting tubules that connect to it

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13
Q

what are the parts of the nephron

A

the renal corpusal proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henry, distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting tubule

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14
Q

what are the parts of the renal corpusal

A

glomerulus capillaries, bowmans capsule, bowmans space, vasuclar pole uninary pole, filtration barrier.

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15
Q

what are the two parts of the bowmans capsule

A

visceral made of podocytes covers the glomerulys and the pariateial on the outside made of simple squamous epithilium.

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16
Q

what does bowmans space contain

A

Ultrafiltrate , is located between the two layers of bowmans capsule

17
Q

what are the vascular and unrinary poles

A

the ends where the blood comes in and the unrine comes out.

18
Q

describe the podocytes

A

primary process does not touch the vessels secounray does with the pedicles and form filtration slits that have a diaphram made of nephron

19
Q

what is the filtration barrier made of.

A

glycoproteins, fenestrated endothelium capularies without diaphrams, basal lamina, subpodocyte space, and visceral layer of bowmans.

20
Q

what do mesangial cells do

A

they phagocyte the old basal lamina when needed and new basal lamina will form.

21
Q

what is alports syndrome

A

defective type 4 collagen makes you pee out blood and proteins because of a defective basal lamina barrier

22
Q

what is the structure of the proximal tubule

A

simple cubodial epithelium has microvilli contains has brush border has loads of mitochondria so eosiniphil

23
Q

what is the structure of the thin limb of the henles loop

A

makes a haripin loop and is lined with simple squamous epithelium.

24
Q

what is the structure of the distal straight tuble or thick ascending limb of the loop of henle

A

low cuboidal epithelium with few microville more mitochondria then PCT

25
Q

what is the structure of the distal convoluted tubule

A

wider and clearer luman pale granular cytoplasm and smaller cells with more cells per CS profile

26
Q

what is the macula densa

A

modified segment of the distal tubule between the afferent and effernet arterioles has chemoreceptors.

27
Q

what is the Juctaglomerular apparatus

A

macula densa dn the JG cells which contain renin and are modified smooth muscle cells in the unica media of the afferent arteriole

28
Q

what is the collecting duct

A

part of the uniniferous tubule but not the nephron.

29
Q

what is the distal collecting duct drain into

A

connectin tubule or an arched collecting tubule that drains into a cortical collectin duct, or a medullary collecting duct.

30
Q

what is a papillary collecting duct of bellini

A

formed from several medullary collecting tubules converging lined with tall epithelium they all open into the apex of the pyramid into the minor calyx

31
Q

what part of the ureter contains three layers of muscles

A

the lower one third

Cell Bio Test IV (9 decks)

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