Urinary System Flashcards
What makes up the urinary system
Urethra , Bladder, Kidneys and ureters
Where is the urine formed
Kidneys and ureters
Where is the urine stored
Bladder
Where is the exit passage for urine
Urethra
What are the functioning units of the kidneys
Nephrons
What are the functions of kidneys
Excrete blood constituents not needed and retain those that are needed.
What are the labs for kidney function?
BUN, GFR, Creatatnine
What guards the opening between the urinary bladder and urethra
Sphincter
What is the amount of urine AFTER voiding
Residual
What conveys urine from the bladder to the exterior
Urethra
What muscles relax during urination
Perineum, External sphincter
What muscles contract lightly during urination
abdominal walls
what happens to the diaphragm during urination
The diaphragm lowers during urination
What is enuresis
Involuntary passing of urine
At what age should enuresis stop
5 years old
What is nocturnal enuresis?
Involuntary passing of urine during sleep. (bed wetting)
What is autonomic bladder control
No control, reflex only. Seen in injury or disease
What is polyuria
Production od abnormally large amounts of urine. Several liters or more
what is Oliguria
LOW urine output less than 500mL a day or 30mL an hour
what is Anuria
lack of urine production
What is nocturia
Voiding 2 or more times at night
What is urgency
feeling that the person must void
What is dysuria
Voiding that painful or difficult
Explain urinary incontinence
Involuntary urination. This is a symptom NOT a disease.
Explain urinary retention
When emptying the bladder is impaired, urine accumulates. Bladder becomes distended
How would you measure urinary retention
Percussion and palaption
what do diuretics do?
prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolyte tubules
what do cholinergic medications
stimulate contraction of detrusor muscles, producing urination
analgesics and tranquilizers
suppresses CNS, diminishes effectiveness of neural reflex
what color can anticoagulations turn urine
Red urine
What color can diuretics turn urine
pale yellow urine
what color can pyridum turn urine
Orange / orange red
what color can antidepressent (amitriptyline) turn urine
blue-green urine
what color does Levodopa (used in Parkinsons) turn urine
brown or black
what is the average daily number of urine output
5-7 times a day
