Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the urinary system

A

Urethra , Bladder, Kidneys and ureters

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2
Q

Where is the urine formed

A

Kidneys and ureters

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3
Q

Where is the urine stored

A

Bladder

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4
Q

Where is the exit passage for urine

A

Urethra

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5
Q

What are the functioning units of the kidneys

A

Nephrons

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6
Q

What are the functions of kidneys

A

Excrete blood constituents not needed and retain those that are needed.

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7
Q

What are the labs for kidney function?

A

BUN, GFR, Creatatnine

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8
Q

What guards the opening between the urinary bladder and urethra

A

Sphincter

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9
Q

What is the amount of urine AFTER voiding

A

Residual

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10
Q

What conveys urine from the bladder to the exterior

A

Urethra

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11
Q

What muscles relax during urination

A

Perineum, External sphincter

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12
Q

What muscles contract lightly during urination

A

abdominal walls

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13
Q

what happens to the diaphragm during urination

A

The diaphragm lowers during urination

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14
Q

What is enuresis

A

Involuntary passing of urine

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15
Q

At what age should enuresis stop

A

5 years old

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16
Q

What is nocturnal enuresis?

A

Involuntary passing of urine during sleep. (bed wetting)

17
Q

What is autonomic bladder control

A

No control, reflex only. Seen in injury or disease

18
Q

What is polyuria

A

Production od abnormally large amounts of urine. Several liters or more

19
Q

what is Oliguria

A

LOW urine output less than 500mL a day or 30mL an hour

20
Q

what is Anuria

A

lack of urine production

21
Q

What is nocturia

A

Voiding 2 or more times at night

22
Q

What is urgency

A

feeling that the person must void

23
Q

What is dysuria

A

Voiding that painful or difficult

24
Q

Explain urinary incontinence

A

Involuntary urination. This is a symptom NOT a disease.

25
Explain urinary retention
When emptying the bladder is impaired, urine accumulates. Bladder becomes distended
26
How would you measure urinary retention
Percussion and palaption
27
what do diuretics do?
prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolyte tubules
28
what do cholinergic medications
stimulate contraction of detrusor muscles, producing urination
29
analgesics and tranquilizers
suppresses CNS, diminishes effectiveness of neural reflex
30
what color can anticoagulations turn urine
Red urine
31
What color can diuretics turn urine
pale yellow urine
32
what color can pyridum turn urine
Orange / orange red
33
what color can antidepressent (amitriptyline) turn urine
blue-green urine
34
what color does Levodopa (used in Parkinsons) turn urine
brown or black
35
what is the average daily number of urine output
5-7 times a day