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Foundations Chapter 38 > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the urinary system

A

Urethra , Bladder, Kidneys and ureters

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2
Q

Where is the urine formed

A

Kidneys and ureters

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3
Q

Where is the urine stored

A

Bladder

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4
Q

Where is the exit passage for urine

A

Urethra

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5
Q

What are the functioning units of the kidneys

A

Nephrons

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6
Q

What are the functions of kidneys

A

Excrete blood constituents not needed and retain those that are needed.

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7
Q

What are the labs for kidney function?

A

BUN, GFR, Creatatnine

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8
Q

What guards the opening between the urinary bladder and urethra

A

Sphincter

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9
Q

What is the amount of urine AFTER voiding

A

Residual

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10
Q

What conveys urine from the bladder to the exterior

A

Urethra

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11
Q

What muscles relax during urination

A

Perineum, External sphincter

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12
Q

What muscles contract lightly during urination

A

abdominal walls

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13
Q

what happens to the diaphragm during urination

A

The diaphragm lowers during urination

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14
Q

What is enuresis

A

Involuntary passing of urine

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15
Q

At what age should enuresis stop

A

5 years old

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16
Q

What is nocturnal enuresis?

A

Involuntary passing of urine during sleep. (bed wetting)

17
Q

What is autonomic bladder control

A

No control, reflex only. Seen in injury or disease

18
Q

What is polyuria

A

Production od abnormally large amounts of urine. Several liters or more

19
Q

what is Oliguria

A

LOW urine output less than 500mL a day or 30mL an hour

20
Q

what is Anuria

A

lack of urine production

21
Q

What is nocturia

A

Voiding 2 or more times at night

22
Q

What is urgency

A

feeling that the person must void

23
Q

What is dysuria

A

Voiding that painful or difficult

24
Q

Explain urinary incontinence

A

Involuntary urination. This is a symptom NOT a disease.

25
Q

Explain urinary retention

A

When emptying the bladder is impaired, urine accumulates. Bladder becomes distended

26
Q

How would you measure urinary retention

A

Percussion and palaption

27
Q

what do diuretics do?

A

prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolyte tubules

28
Q

what do cholinergic medications

A

stimulate contraction of detrusor muscles, producing urination

29
Q

analgesics and tranquilizers

A

suppresses CNS, diminishes effectiveness of neural reflex

30
Q

what color can anticoagulations turn urine

A

Red urine

31
Q

What color can diuretics turn urine

A

pale yellow urine

32
Q

what color can pyridum turn urine

A

Orange / orange red

33
Q

what color can antidepressent (amitriptyline) turn urine

A

blue-green urine

34
Q

what color does Levodopa (used in Parkinsons) turn urine

A

brown or black

35
Q

what is the average daily number of urine output

A

5-7 times a day

Foundations Chapter 38 (1 decks)

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