Urinary System (1.2)

Question 1

What is the function of the urinating system?

Answer 1

Maintain homeostasis by regulating the volume and concentration of body fluids. It does this by filtering and reabsorbing materials from the blood.

Question 2

Is the bladder is not an excretory organ?

Answer 2

Its function is to store the urine from the kidneys. The urine is periodically expelled from the body through in a process called urination or micturition.

Question 3

Give the function of the inferior vena cava.

Answer 3

Carries purified deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Question 4

Give the function of the kidneys.

Answer 4

Filter nitrogenous waste out of blood- excretory function; regulate water and salt balance- osmoregulatory function.

Question 5

Give the function of the aorta.

Answer 5

Carries oxygenated blood with nitrogenous waste to all parts of the body.

Question 6

Give the function of the motor nerve.

Answer 6

Stimulates contraction of the bladder.

Question 7

Give the function sphincter muscle.

Answer 7

Controls flow of urine.

Question 8

Give the function of the urethra.

Answer 8

Carries urine to exterior.

Question 9

Give the function of the renal artery.

Answer 9

Carries oxygen and nitrogenous waste to kidney.

Question 10

Give the function of the adrenal gland.

Answer 10

Secretes aldosterone.

Question 11

Give the function of the renal vein.

Answer 11

Carries purified blood to inferior vena cava.

Question 12

Give the function of the ureter.

Answer 12

Carries urine to bladder.

Question 13

Give the function of the bladder.

Answer 13

Stores urine.

Question 14

The right kidney is slightly ____ than the left kidney as it is pushed down by the ____ right lobe of the liver.

Answer 14

Lower

Larger

Question 15

In males, the urethra passes through the ___ and carries both ___ and ____.

Answer 15

Penis
Urine
Semen

Question 16

In females, it only carries ___ which exits through a separate opening in front of the ____ opening.

Answer 16

Urine

Vaginal

Question 17

Name the supra-renal glands.

Answer 17

• Adrenal glands

- Endocrine glands

Question 18

Where are the supra-adrenal glands located?

Answer 18

They are situated above each kidney and do not form part of the excretory system.

Question 19

What does aldosterone do and where is secreted from?

Answer 19

One of the hormones they secrete is aldosterone which plays a part in regulating the salt concentration in the body.

Question 20

Where are your kidneys found? (3)

Answer 20

• The two kidneys are found in the abdominal cavity just below the diaphragm
• They lie next to the posterior (back) wall on either side of the vertebral column
• They are kept in position by being attached to thin layer of connective tissue, the peritoneum, as well as to the large renal blood vessels and being wedged in by surrounding organs

Question 21

How are kidneys shaped?

Answer 21

Each kidney is bean-shaped, dark red in colour and the size of a large bar of soap.

Question 22

The inner border, facing the ____ column, is ____ and is called the ____. This is where the ureter, renal ____ vessels and nerves enter and leave the kidney.

Answer 22

Vertebral
Concave
Hilum
Blood

Question 23

Each kidney is surrounded by three layers of supportive tissue, explain each of their functions. (3)

Answer 23

• A tough fibrous renal capsule covers the kidney surface, preventing infections in the surrounding regions from spreading to the kidneys
• A middle layer of adipose (fatty) tissue helps to hold the kidney in place and cushions it against blows
• An outer layer of fibrous connective tissue, the renal fascia, anchors the kidney to the surrounding structures.