Urinary System Flashcards
urinary system
removal of waste and elimination of excess water in the body
Parts of urinary system
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
kidneys
production of urine to facilitate elimination of metabolic waste
location of kidneys
dorsal abdominal area or retroperitoneal
which kidney is more cranial than the other?
right kidney
Except pigs
type of tissues surround kidneys
fibrous connective tissue
Hilus
indented area on medial side of kidney
renal pelvis
collection urine chamber
what species of animal does not have a distinct renal pelvis
cows
renal cortex and medulla
cortex- rough, outer portion
medulla- smooth, inner portion
calyx
funnel shaped cup-like
extends from renal pelvis, leads urine into ureter
In cows, calyces empties directly into the…
ureters
basic functional unit of kidney
filters, reobsorbs, secretes
nephron
glomerulus
capillary bundle
filters blood in first stage of urine production
glomerular filtrate
bomans capsule
double walled capsule that surrounds the glomerulus
capsular space
space between parietal and visceral layer
longest tube part of the nephron
reobsorbtion and secretion
proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
with PCT golerular filtrate becomes…
tubular filtrate
primitive urine
beginning of urine
Loop of henle
decends in medulla
makes U-turn
and back to cortex
ADH or antidiuretic hormone
helps w/ urine volume
empty into collecting ducts
Distal Convoluted tubule (DCT)
afferent arterioles
going into
how much blood supply enters the kidneys?
25%
efferent
out
filtration of blood occurs in the
renal corpuscle
what 2 factors does glomerular filtration rate depend on?
how fast plasma is filtered
rate of blood flow to kidney
sodium reobsorption exchanges sodium for…
hydrogen, ammonium, or potassium
increased reabsorption
PTH
buildup of creatinine
azotemia
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
normal level of urea in blood
build up of BUN
uremia
ADH
released by pituitary gland
if absent- polyuria
secretion of waste by tubules
peritubular secretion
what does peritubular secretion secrete
hydrogen, potassium, ammonium
aldosterone
released by adrenal cortex
increases reabsorption
if BP drops too low..
renin is released
if blood volume increases..
blood pressure increases
arrangement of opening of ureters into bladder
trigone
within the 3 layers of ureters..
transitional epithelium cells are found
ureters
oblique angle
prevents backup of urine into ureters
3 functions of urinary bladder
collect, store, and release urine
female urethra
urinary function
male urethra
both urinary and reproductive
