Urinary System Flashcards
What comprises the urinary system?
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder and 1 urethra
Where is the position of the kidneys?
Retro peritoneal, positioned between T12 and L3
What are the kidneys protected by?
11th and 12th ribs
Size of kidneys?
10cm x 5cmx 3cmx
The kidney is surrounded by?
A fibrous capsule
Made up of an outer?
Cortex
Made up of an inner?
Medulla
Medulla houses?
Renal pyramids which form collecting ducts
Renal cortex and renal pyramids in the medulla make up?
The parenchyma - functioning portion of the kidney
Parenchyma house?
Nephrons
Process of filtrate drainage?
Nephrons➡️large papillary ducts➡️renal papillae of renal pyramids and into ➡️cup like extensions called calyces
Each kidney has how many nephrons?
2 million
Nephrons begin in?
The cortex, dip down into the medulla and then return up to the cortex.
Nephrons end in the?
Collecting ducts
The glomerulus sits inside?
Bowman’s capsule
What is the glomerulus?
Network of capillaries
The tubule route taken by the filtrate from the glomerulus is:
Through the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) > into the loop of Henle > returns to distal convoluted tubule (DCT) > collecting ducts > papillary ducts > Minor calyces > major calyces > renal pelvis > ureter > leaves kidney
Where does glomerular filtration occur?
Glomerular capillaries in bowmans space
Blood enters via the?
Afferent arteriole
Excess fluid, useful and waste substances are filtered through?
Bowman’s capsule
Remaining blood components return to circulation via the?
Efferent arteriole
Normal GFR for females?
105ml/min
Normal GFR for males?
125ml/min
Length and diameter of ureters?
20-25cm length
1-10mm in diameter
