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anatomy > urinary/reproductive vocab > Flashcards

urinary/reproductive vocab Flashcards

1
Q

retroperitoneal

A

posterior to the parietal peritoneum

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2
Q

renal tubule

A

long tube composed of PCT, loop of Henle, and the DCT

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3
Q

urea

A

the primary waste product of urine

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4
Q

kidney

A

the primary organs of the urinary system

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5
Q

nephron

A

the functional unit of the kidney

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6
Q

renal corpuscule

A

part of the nephron composed of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule

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7
Q

urethra

A

the tube that conveys urine outside the body

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8
Q

peritubular capillary system (PCS)

A

the blood vessels surrounding the renal tubule

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9
Q

renal cortex

A

the outer portion of the kidney

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10
Q

urinary bladder

A

a muscular sac which acts as a reservoir to store urine

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11
Q

uric acid

A

a waste product found in urine which can form crystals

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12
Q

proximal convoluted tube (PCT)

A

portion of the renal tubule in which the majority of tubular reabsorption occurs

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13
Q

renal medulla

A

the inner portion of the kidney

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14
Q

ureters

A

tubes which convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

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15
Q

loop of henle

A

portion of the renal tube in which only water is reabsorbed

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16
Q

detrusor muscle

A

contracts causing the act of micturition

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17
Q

glomerulus

A

where filtration of the blood occurs

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18
Q

micturition/urination

A

the act of passing urine from the urinary bladder to outside the body

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19
Q

renal pelvis

A

the funnel shaped superior end of the ureter

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20
Q

renal fascia

A

the connective tissue which binds the kidneys to the deep muscles of the posterior wall of the parietal peritonium

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21
Q

ovaries

A

primary organs of the female reproductive system

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22
Q

oogenesis

A

the growth, development, and differentiation of an ovum

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23
Q

primary follicle

A

contains an egg and follicular cell

24
Q

fallopian tubes

A

tubes that convey an egg towards the uterus after ovulation

25
Q

uterus

A

organ which house a developing embryo and sustains it through its developmental period

26
Q

cervix

A

the lower 1/3rd of the uterus

27
Q

endometrium

A

layer of the uterus composed of glandular epithelium

28
Q

myometrium

A

thick muscular layer of the uterus

29
Q

vagina

A

organ of the female which conveys uterine secretions and serves as the birth canal during labor

30
Q

clitoris

A

external accessory organ which is highly innervated and contains erectile tissue

31
Q

menstrual cycle

A

regular, reoccuring changes in the uterine linings

32
Q

menarche

A

the first menstrual cycle of a female

33
Q

corpus luteum

A

follicular cells after ovulation which secrete estrogen and progesterone

34
Q

menopause

A

the gradual irregularity of the menstrual cycle

35
Q

pregnancy

A

the condition of having a developing offspring within the uterus

36
Q

morula

A

a solid ball of cells which will implant on the endometrium, beginning pregnancy

37
Q

blastula

A

stage of embryogenesis which is a hollow ball of cells

38
Q

gastrula

A

the stage of embryogenesis in which invagination occurs

39
Q

embryo

A

structure which results from a fertilized egg

40
Q

fetus

A

term given to an embryo past the 7th weeks of pregnancy

41
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

structures of the testes

42
Q

sertoli cells

A

cells of the testes which nourish developing sperm cells

43
Q

interstitial cell

A

cells of the testes which produce testosterone

44
Q

scrotum

A

sac-like structure which houses the testes outside the body

45
Q

seminal vesicle

A

gland of the male reproductive system which secretes alkaline fluid

46
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

two small pea-size glands which secrete mucous

47
Q

epididymis

A

a highly coiled tube which houses immature sperm cells until they mature

48
Q

prostate

A

gland that secretes milky white alkaline fluid which helps neutralize the acidic environment of the vagina

49
Q

penis

A

the cylindrical external accessory organ of the male

50
Q

testes

A

the primary organ of male reproduction

51
Q

meiosis

A

the process where diploid cells reduce their chromosome number by one half, only occurs in sex cells

52
Q

vas deferens

A

the tube which conveys semen from the epididymis to the urethra

53
Q

seminal fluid

A

the fluid which contains sperm, prostatic fluid, and seminal vesicle fluid that is ejaculated

54
Q

spermatogonia

A

the undifferentiated cell from which all mature sperm rise

55
Q

dartos muscle

A

muscle of the scrotum which acts as a thermostat for the testes

anatomy (9 decks)

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