Urinary Physiology Flashcards
Glomerulus
A cluster of tiny blood cells that filters your blood, where thin walls assist in filtering through smaller molecules.
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
A tubular egment of the nephron that connects to the Bowman’s Capsule (containing the glomerulus) and is responsible for majority of the reabsorption of filtered substances.
Distal Convoluted Tubule
A short nephron segment tunneling into the collecting duct. Derives from the Ascending Loop of Henle and plays are role in regulating extracellular fluid and kidney hormones.
Descending Loop of Henle
Permeable to water, receives isotonic (normal) fluid. The downward turning part of the loop, derives from the Proximal Convoluted Tubule.
Collecting Duct
The last sector of the nephron, a long, twisting tube that collects urine from the rest of the nephron (the structures in the kidney that filter blood from urine) and moves it to the renal pelvis and ureters.
Ascending Loop of Henle
A direct continuation from the Descending Loop of Henle, has a thin and thick segment and assists in draining urine into the Distal Convoluted Tubule.
Filtration
Glomelular Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
Excretion
Glomelular Filtration
Occuring in the glomerulus is the first step in making urine. This process is in which the kidneys filters excess fluids and waste products out of the blood. To create a healthy balance of water, salts, and minerals; sodiums, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium within your blood.
Reabsorption
Reabsorping water and solutes from the tubule back into the plasma. Occurs in varying degrees.
Secretion
Filtrate previously absorbed in the glomerulus flows through the renal tubule where waste and hydrogen ions pass through with it.
Excretion
The filtered urine passes through the urethra and is expelled from the body.
The Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
A human vasopressin that helps to control blood pressure by acting on the kidney and blood vessels. Plays a important role in urine volume.
Aldosterone
Hormone made by the adrenal cortex and assists in the regulation of water of salts in the kidneys.
Urea
Also known as carbamide, is a safe, useful compound and naturally occuring molecule produced by protein metabolism.
Urine
A liquid by-product of metabolism in humans. The body produces the liquid, yellowish fluid to get rid of waste and extra water without a use. Urine is stored in the bladder.
