Urinary intro Flashcards
Are the kidneys intra or retro peritoneal?
Retroperitoneal
What does retro peritoneal mean?
Between the posterior abdominal wall and the peritoneum surrounding the abdominal cavity
What covers the kidneys and what do they contain?
1) Fibrous Capsule
2) Fascial pouch containing perinephric fat
Posterior relations of kidneys? (muscles from medial to lateral)
Psoas Major
Quadratus Lumborum
Transversus Abdominus
Anterior relations to kidneys (left and right)?
Right:
Liver, Hepatic flexure, Hilus
Left:
Stomach, Pancreas, Spleen, Splenic flexure
At what vertebral level does the h illuminachos of the kidneys lie?
L1
Outline the arterial blood supply to the kidneys
Descending aorta - - renal arteries - - interlobular arteries - - arcuate arteries (supply cortex) and become glomeruli
Where do the renal veins drain into?
IVC
Where are the nephrons located in the kidneys?
In the medulla and cortex
Why does the medulla appear striated?
Radial arrangement of the tubules and microvessels
Desceive the anatomical positioning of the ureters
Cross the pelvic brim anterior to the sacroiliac joint and bifurcation of the common iliac arteries. They descend anteromediallt to the level of the ischia spine
What closes off the ureters when the bladders fill to prevent backflow?
The ureterovesical valve
3 common sites of ureteric constriction?
1) Pelviureteric Junction - where the renal pelvis becomes the ureter
2) Where ureter crosses the pelvic brim
3) Where ureter traverses bladder wall
What is the trigone?
Area of smooth muscle in the bladder which doesn’t expand as much
What ligament holds the urethra in place?
Pubovesical ligament
