Urinary Incontinence

Question 0

Describe the risk factors associated with urinary incontinence

Answer 0

Pregnancy/childbirth
Vaginal prolapse
Menopause
Cognitive impairment

Question 1

Describe the prevalence with age of urinary incontinence

Answer 1

Increasing

Question 2

Describe the initial investigations and management of patients with urinary incontinence

Answer 2

Investigation - urine dipstick (UTI, haematuria etc.), frequency-volume chart, bladder diary, invasive urodynamics
Initial management - modify fluid intake, weight loss, decreased caffeine intake, timed voiding, bladder training, pelvic floor muscle training
Pharmacological management - anticholinergics, Botox, mirabegron (B3 agonist)

Question 3

Describe the surgical management of patients with urinary incontinence

Answer 3

Females - permanent intention (low tension vaginal tapes, sling, intramural bulking agents)
Males - artificial urinary sphincter, male sling, sacral nerve neuromodulation, urinary diversion