urinary bladder dvmpt

Question 1

Terminal part of the hindgut ends in the …1…. which is ..2…. that contacts ..3… and also communicates with the ..4..

Answer 1

1. cloaca
2. an endoderm-lined chamber
3. the surface ectoderm at the cloacal membrane
4. allantois

Question 2

During the ..1.. week of development the cloaca is divided by the ..2..

Answer 2

1. 8th
2. urorectal septum

Question 3

during 8th week of development the cloaca is divided by the urorectal septum into what ?

Answer 3

• dorsal (inferior) portion -> rectum & anal canal/orifice
• ventral (superior) portion -> urogenital sinus

Question 4

what will the urogenital sinus give rise to ?

Answer 4

bladder and lower urogenital tracts

Question 5

what are the lower urogenital tracts in: ?
1. males
2. females

Answer 5

1. prostatic + penile urethrae
2. urethra + lower vagina

Question 6

what 3 sources is the urinary bladder derived from ?

Answer 6

• vesicourethral canal (endoderm) -> major parts of the urinary bladder (epithelium)
• proximal part of the allantois (endoder) -> apex of the urinary bladder
• absorbed proximal parts of mesonephric ducts (mesoderm) –> trigone of the urinary bladder

Question 7

As the kidneys ascend what happens to the ureters ?

Answer 7

they elongate and open into the bladder superiorly

Question 8

As the kidenys ascend what happens to the roots of the mesonephric ducts ?

Answer 8

they are carried inferiorly before fusing to form the trigone region

Question 9

Final structure of females UG comes about how ? [alter Q]

Answer 9

fused paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts form the uterovaginal duct; the mesonephric duct degenerates

Question 10

final structure of males UG comes about how ? [alter Q!]

Answer 10

the mesonephric ducts form the vas deferens which enter the urethra through the prostate gland

Question 11

at approximately age 6 what happens to the bladder ?

Answer 11

it moves from the abdomen to greater pelvis area

Question 12

from around ~6 years of age till until puberty what doesn’t the bladder do ?

Answer 12

enter the lesser pelvis and become a pelvic organ

Question 13

Name an abnormality associated with developement of the bladder ?

Answer 13

bladder exstrophy

Question 14

Bladder exstrophy is a rare birth defect in which the bladder … ?

Answer 14

develops outside the foetus

Question 15

Why does bladder exstrophy occur ?

Answer 15

a failure of development of the lower anterior abdominal wall and the anterior wall of bladder