Urinary and Male Repro Anatomy

Question 1

Where are the kidneys located

Answer 1

cranially and dorsally in the abdominal cavity
located retroperitoneal

Question 2

What is the lining of the abdominal cavity called

Answer 2

peritoneal

Question 3

Which kidney more caudal in dogs and cats

Answer 3

left kidney

Question 4

Rough size of kidney in terms of number of vertebrae

Answer 4

2.5

Question 5

Name 6 main parts of kidneys

Answer 5

Capsule
cortex
medulla
renal pyramids
renal pelvis
hilus

Question 6

What is the capsule

Answer 6

Protetive layer around kidney and can have layer of fat for protection and energy

Question 7

What is the cortex

Answer 7

outermost layer of kidney

Question 8

what is the medulla

Answer 8

central layer of the kidney

Question 9

what is the renal pyramids

Answer 9

contain the collecting ducts and direct urine towards the renal pelvis

Question 10

What is the renal pelvis

Answer 10

collects all urine produced and directs them into the ureter

Question 11

What is the Hilus

Answer 11

entry and exit point for the structure related to the kidney(artery vein nerves ureter)

Question 12

3 Main function of the kidney

Answer 12

Osmoregulation, excretion, secretion of erythropoietin

Question 13

2 types of changes to kidney in disease

Answer 13

acute renal failure-swell
chronic renal failure-reduce

Question 14

What happens in acute renal failure

Answer 14

Kidney can swell

Question 15

What happens in chronic renal failure

Answer 15

Kidney can reduce in size

Question 16

Name functional unit of the kidney

Answer 16

nephron

Question 17

Where is nephron located

Answer 17

cortex and medulla

Question 18

What vessel do the renal arteries originate from

Answer 18

aorta

Question 19

Which blood vessel do the renal veins drain towards

Answer 19

caudal vena cava

Question 20

What is the ureter

Answer 20

Narrow muscular tubes towards bladder that carry urine

Question 21

What propels the urine in the ureter

Answer 21

peristaltic waves from smooth muscle in ureter walls

Question 22

What is the bladder

Answer 22

muscular pear shaped organ with inflates and deflates depending on level of urine

Question 23

What is the bladder made of

Answer 23

Lined with transitional epithelium and a further outside layer of elastic and muscle tissue

Question 24

Difference of male dogs and cats urethra

Answer 24

Dogs- urethra moves caudally in pelvis encounters prostate then curves cranially
cats- urethra moves caudally, encounters prostate then curves ventrally and caudally

Question 25

Why are testes located outside the boy in the scrotum

Answer 25

Spermatogenesis occurs best at temps lower than core temperature so located outside the body

Question 26

What is the function of the tunica dartos/dartos muscle

Answer 26

When cold-contracts and thickens/wrinkles skin to bring towards the core to maintain optimum temperature
When warm-relaxes so skin is smooth and fall away from core to maintain optimum temperature

Question 27

Function of testes

Answer 27

Site of spermatogenesis
Production of fluid to transport sperm from testes and aid survival
secrete testosterone