Urinary and disorders of the urinary system

Question 1

Functions of the Kidney

Answer 1

Regulate Serum electrolytes by filiation and reabsorption

Regulate fluid volume by filtration , reabsorption and excretion

Regulate blood pressure by secreting the enzyme renin - Ace Inhibitors

Increase red blood cell production by secreting erythropoietin ( improve bone marrow)

Question 2

Why is it important to urinate after sex ?

Answer 2

It is important to urinate after sex because you are getting the bacteria out

Question 3

Bladder holds the urine normal 300 ml to 400 ml

Answer 3

Max 1,000 to 1800

Question 4

GFR

Answer 4

Normal 90ml-120ml

Less than 60ml it can cause kidney damage

Question 5

Disorders of the Urinary System

Answer 5

Vulnerable to infection
Immune reactions and the glomeruli
Obstructions - tumor , stones and anatomic features
Tubular Necrosis : Lack of oxygen , and chemical destruction of cells

Question 6

Sclerosis Renal Vessels ( causes)

Answer 6

Diabetics
Atherosclerosis
Hypertension
( Harden)

Question 7

Disorders of the Urinary System (pt2)

Answer 7

Compliance with the treatment for regimen for hypertension 
Minimum fluid intake 2000  2500 
Bladder health - empty bladder 
Controlling blood pressure 
Nephrotoxicity and medications

Question 8

Things to help patients to prevent disorders of the urinary system

Answer 8

Empty Bladder
Low Sodium
Drink water which is half of your body weight

Question 9

Fluid overload signs and symptoms

Answer 9

Enema 
Abdominal Distention 
( Pulse High) 
JVD 
Swelling 
Shortness of Breath

Question 10

Oxygen , Inhalers , Abultoral , Lasix ( Furosemide)

Answer 10

Are all things that could help with fluid overload

Question 11

Diagnostic Test And Procedures

Answer 11

Urinalysis and culture sensitivity.

CNS

Question 12

glomerulonephritis

Answer 12

glomeruli that filter the blood are exposed to antibodies and antigen–antibody complexes contained in that blood. These antibodies and antigen–antibody complexes can cause an autoimmune inflammatory reaction known as glomerulonephritis that damages the semipermeable glomerular membrane and interferes with normal kidney function.

Question 13

Diagnostic Tests for Urologic Disorders

Answer 13

Urinalysis
Urine culture and sensitivity (C&S) (clean catch midstream)
Uric acid
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
CBC

Question 14

Renal Biopsy

Answer 14

explain purpose: To diagnosis the cause of kidney disease, to detect cancer, or to evaluate kidney transplant rejection.
• Explain procedure: Local anesthetic is given. Needle is inserted through skin into the kidney to obtain a small sample under fluoroscopy or ultrasound. Total procedure time is 10 minutes.
• Explain preparation: Nothing by mouth (NPO) for 6 to 8 hours before procedure; blood tests will be performed before procedure (e.g., hemoglobin and hematocrit, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time).
• Explain postprocedural care: Must lie on back for 6 to 24 hours (time varies according to facility protocols and provider orders), avoid activities that increase abdominal pressure (e.g., sneezing, laughing), expect that urine will have blood for first 24 hours. Drink 3000 mL of fluid to flush urinary system (unless otherwise contraindicated).
• Give home care instructions: Avoid strenuous activity (heavy lifting or contact sports) for 2 weeks. Report bleeding (e.g., bright red or with clots) immediately. Report fever, malaise, or dysuria.

Question 15

Bun depending on age

Answer 15

7-20

Question 16

Serum creatinine

Answer 16

0.8-1.2 depending on age

Question 17

GOUT

Answer 17

Shellfish can cause flare up (alepenal)