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GAP Exam 5 > Urinary > Flashcards

Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

Function of Urinary Bladder

A

Stores Urine

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2
Q

Function of Ureters

A

Carry urine from kidneys to bladder

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3
Q

Function of Kidneys

A

Filter blood
Return water and solutes back to blood
Produces urine

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4
Q

Function of Urethra

A

Carry urine from bladder to external environment

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5
Q

What supplies Gomerulus with blood

A

Afferent Arteriole

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6
Q

What takes Blood away from Glomerulus

A

Efferent Arteriole

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7
Q

Number of Nephrons per kidney

A

about 1 million

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8
Q

Differentiate nephron types

A

CORTICOL (85% of nephrons)

JUXTAMEDULLARY (15% of nephrons)

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9
Q

Order of nephron segments

A 
Afferent Arteriole
Glomerulus
Bowmans Capsule (or Efferent Arteriole)
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Collecting Duct
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10
Q

Afferent Arteriole

A

Supplies glomerulus with blood

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11
Q

Glomerulus

A

Filtration

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12
Q

Bowmans capsule

A

Collects filtrate

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13
Q

Efferent Arteriole

A

carries blood away from glomerulus

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14
Q

Proximal Convoluted Tubules

A

1st major site of reabsorption

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15
Q

Loop of Henle

A

Carries filtrate

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16
Q

Distal Convoluted Tubules

A

Reabsorption

17
Q

Collecting Duct

A

Collects filtrate

Delivers urine to minor calyces

18
Q

Role of peritubular capillaries

A

Allows re-absorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of a nephron

19
Q

3 Major processes of urine production

A

Filtration
Re-absorption
Secretion

20
Q

Filtration process

A

Occurs as blood flows through glomerulus

Water, Ions, Nutrients and Waste leak out and are contained by bowmans capsule and directed through tubules

21
Q

Re-absorption

A

Occurs as filtrate travels through tubules

Returns Water, Ions, and Nutrients back to blood

22
Q

Secretion

A

Occurs as filtrate travels through tubules

Adds selected wastes and ions from blood to filtrate to be secreted.

23
Q

Major driving force of glomerular filtration

A

Bowmans capsule

PASTA.. glomerulus=strainer

24
Q

What isnt filtered by glomerulus

A

Large Protiens
RBCs
Objects to large

25
Q

What is filtered by glomerulus

A 
Water
Ions
Small Proteins
Glucose
Amino acids
26
Q

Components of filtration membrane

A

Endothelium Is Fienestrated (HAS HOLES)

Podocytes cover the holes and control permeability

27
Q

Normal GFR

A

120-125 ml/min

28
Q

Percentage of nutrients reabsorbed from filtrate

A

Collecting Duct (About 5%)
Distal Convoluted Tubules (About 5%)
Loop of Henles ascending limb (25%)
Proximal Convoluted Tubules (65%)

29
Q

Hormones that impact the nephron

A

Aldosterone
ADH
Parathyroid Hormone

30
Q

How does Aldosterone impact the nephron

A

Promotes Na+ reabsorption and K+ to be secreted
Reabsorption of water

DCT & COLLECTING DUCT

31
Q

ADH impact on nephron

A

Water Reabsorption

COLLECTING DUCT

32
Q

Parathyroid impact on nephron

A

Reabsorption of Calcium

PCT, DCT, COLLECTING DUCT, ASCENDING LOOP OF HENLE

33
Q

Physical characteristics of urine

A

Yellow
Slightly aromatic
pH from 4.5-8 (Average is 6)

34
Q

Histology of urinary bladder and ureters

A

Lined with transitional epithelium

GAP Exam 5 (3 decks)

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