URINARY Flashcards
The client asks the nurse, “How did I get this urinary tract infection?” The nurse should explain that in most instances, cystitis is caused by:
an ascending infection from the urethra.
The nurse is instructing an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to collect a urine specimen from an indwelling catheter. Which statement indicates that the UAP understands the instructions?
“I will get a sterile syringe and remove urine from the catheter through the collection port to place in the specimen container.”
Which finding in a client’s history would be the most likely to increase the client’s risk for renal calculi?
Low fluid intake can predispose an individual to calculi formation due to the increased urine concentration. Other causes include repeated urinary tract infections, high doses of vitamin C or D, immobility, and large doses of calcium.
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 100 mg/dL, serum creatinine 6.5 mg/dL, potassium 6.1 mEq/L, and lethargy. Which of the following is the priority nursing assessment?
Cardiac rhythm
A client with end-stage renal failure has an internal arteriovenous fistula in the left arm for vascular access during hemodialysis. What should the nurse instruct the client to do? Select all that apply.
The nurse instructs the client to protect the site of the fistula. The client should avoid pressure on the involved arm such as sleeping on it, wearing tight jewelry, or obtaining BP. The client is also advised to assess the area distal to the fistula for adequate circulation, such as warmth and color. When the client is hospitalized, the nurse posts a sign on the client’s bed not to draw blood or obtain BP on the left side; the client is also instructed to be sure that none of the health care team members do so.
A client with a history of cystitis is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. The nurse should assess the client for:
costovertebral tenderness.
A client with chronic renal failure has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. What should the nurse assess first?
Pulse
An elevated serum potassium level may lead to a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia, which the nurse can detect immediately by palpating the pulse.
Sevelamer hydrochloride (Renagel)
Sevelamer is used to lower high blood phosphorus (phosphate) levels in patients who are on dialysis due to severe kidney disease. Dialysis removes some phosphate from your blood, but it is difficult to remove enough to keep your phosphate levels balanced.
Lanthanum carbonate (Fosrenol)
FOSRENOL is a prescription medicine used in people with end stage renal disease
(ESRD) to lower the amount of phosphate in the blood. FOSRENOL may cause a bowel blockage or severe constipation which can be serious,
and sometimes lead to surgery or treatment in a hospital.
Calcium carbonate (Tums)
Doctors may also prescribe calcium carbonate for people on dialysis to help lower high levels of phosphate in their blood.
Calcium acetate (PhosLo)
Calcium acetate is used to treat hyperphosphatemia (too much phosphate in the blood) in patients with end stage kidney disease who are on dialysis.
Calcium acetate works by binding with the phosphate in the food you eat, so that it is eliminated from the body without being absorbed.
Pyridium
It can relieve symptoms caused by uti and other urinary problems.
Urised
Urised is a urinary antiseptic, analgesic, and anticholinergic combination. It works by helping to kill bacteria in the urine, decreasing pain and inflammation, and reducing muscle spasms in the urinary tract. These actions work together to help relieve discomfort while urinating.
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
It can treat high blood pressure. It can also treat fluid retention (edema) and high levels of the hormone aldosterone
Furosemide (lasix)
It can treat fluid retention (edema) and swelling caused by congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease
