Urinary 3 Flashcards
1) All of the following are wastes removed by the kidneys EXCEPT
a) urea.
b) bilirubin.
c) creatinine.
d) drugs.
e) water
e) water
2) Juxtamedullary nephrons
a) make up about 80-85% of the nephrons within the kidney.
b) allows excretion of very dilute or concentrated urine.
c) have renal corpuscles located in the outer portion of the renal cortex.
d) have very short nephron loops.
e) have very thick descending nephron loops.
B. allows excretion of very dilute or concentrated urine.
3) The glomerular filtrate contains a lower concentration of____ than does blood plasma.
a) albumin
b) glucose
c) water
d) sodium
e) urea
A. albumin
4) Which of the following equations is CORRECT?
a) NFP = GBHP + CHP – BCOP
b) NFP = GBHP – CHP + BCOP
c) NFP = GBHP + CHP + BCOP
d) NFP = GBHP – CHP – BCOP
e) NFP = GBHP – BCOP
D. NFP = GBHP – CHP – BCOP
5) Glomerular filtration rate is decreased by all of the following EXCEPT
a) increased production of angiotensin II.
b) increased secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide.
c) constriction of smooth muscle fibers in afferent arterioles.
d) dilation of smooth muscle fibers in efferent arterioles
e) increased activity of renal sympathetic nerves.
B. increased secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide.
6) A large number of sodium ions and glucose molecules may be reabsorbed through
a) sodium-glucose symporters in the proximal convoluted tubules.
b) sodium-glucose antiporters in the nephron loop.
c) sodium-glucose symporters in the collecting duct
d) sodium-hydrogen ion antiporters in the late distal convoluted tubule.
e) sodium-glucose antiporters in the proximal convoluted tubules
A. sodium-glucose symporters in the proximal convoluted tubules.
7) The action of symporters which actively reabsorb ions from the tubular fluid in the ___________________ lowers the osmolarity of the tubular fluid
a) glomerulus.
b) proximal convoluted tubules.
c) descending limb of the nephron loop.
d) thick segment of the ascending nephron loop
e) collecting ducts.
D. thick segment of the ascending nephron loop
8) All of the following might be observed in a freshly voided normal urine sample EXCEPT
a) amber color.
b) transparency.
c) ammonia odor
d) pH 6.0
e) specific gravity 1.020.
C. Ammonia Odor
9) Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
a) The female urethra extends from the internal to external urethral orifices, and is significantly longer then the male urethra
b) The male urethra consist of two segments
c) Both the male and the female urethra contain transitional epithelium, simple cuboidal (keratinized), stratified columnar epithelium, and stratified squamous epithelium.
d) All of the statements are correct.
e) None of the statements are correct.
E. None
- Water and NaCl reabsorbed from the loop of Henle directly re-enter what blood vessels?
A. efferent arterioles B. afferent arterioles C. collecting ducts D. cortical peritubular capillaries E. vasa recta
E. Vasa recta
