URINARY

Question 1

What is dysuria?

Answer 1

• Dysuria is the subjective experience of pain or a burning sensation on urination and can also be accompanied by
• urinary frequency
• hesitancy
• urgency
• strangury (slow, painful urination

Question 2

What are other conditions that are associated with dysuria?

Answer 2

• bladder tumors
• chronic renal failure
• nephrolithiasis
• occasionally diseases of the upper urinary tract.

Question 3

___ is most commonly associated with lower urinary tract infections.

Answer 3

dysuria

Question 4

Dysuria may also be associated with diseases outside the renal system, such as?

Answer 4

• sexually transmitted diseases
• vaginitis
• prostatitis

Question 5

Any female who presents with dysuria should be questioned about?

Answer 5

an associated vaginal discharge or irritation.

Question 6

In males, dysuria frequently reflects an infection such as?

Answer 6

• urethritis, prostatitis
• epididymitis
• urinary tract infection.

Question 7

symptoms of dysuria may lead to other diagnoses such as?

Answer 7

• urethral strictures
  -pelvic organ prolapse
• pelvic peritonitis
  -cancer of the cervix or prostate
  dysmenorrhea
• disorders of the prostate.

Question 8

What is the most economical way to identify urinary tract infections and other renal problems?

Answer 8

• Urinalysis is the easiest, least invasive

Question 9

Urinalysis Explained? CHART

Answer 9

Question 10

____is defined as blood in the urine and can be visible (gross) or occult (microscopic).

Answer 10

Hematuria

Question 11

What are the benign causes of Asymptomatic microhematuria?

Answer 11

• infection
• menstruation
• vigorous exercise
• viral illness
• trauma.

Question 12

True or False* There is a direct relationship between the quantity of blood found in the urine and the likelihood of pathology?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

___occurs on a single occasion?

Answer 13

• Transient hematuria

Question 14

____ occurs on 2 or more pees or consecutive voiding?

Answer 14

Persistent hematuria

Question 16

Both ____ & ___ can be a sign of serious disease

Answer 16

transient and persistent

Question 17

What type of history is important in a female patient with hematuria?

Answer 17

Menstrual history

Question 18

Visible blood (gross hematuria) in the urine is more strongly associated with the presence of?

Answer 18

Cancer

Question 19

What risk factor has a higher incidence of seeing gross hematuria?

Answer 19

Smokers

Question 20

True or False

There is a greater positive correlation between underlying malignancy and gross hematuria versus microscopic hematuria

Answer 20

True

Question 21

_____ history is always important in a female patient with hematuria

Answer 21

Menstrual

Question 22

Hematuria chart?

Answer 22

Question 23

The primary proteins found in urine are

Answer 23

globulin and albumin

Question 24

____is usually indicative of renal pathology, most often of glomerular origin.

Answer 24

Proteinuria

Question 25

Proteinuria can be functional as a result of?

Answer 25

-acute illness -emotional stress - excessive exercise—in which case it is a benign process or simply a resultant sign of a transient condition

Question 26

Proteinuria can also reflect more serious disease true or false?

Answer 26

True

Question 27

____ is most often asymptomatic, associated with functional disorders, and discovered incidentally through urine dipstick testin

Answer 27

Intermittent proteinuria

Question 28

Continuous proteinuria is associated with?

Answer 28

renal pathology

Question 29

The most accurate way to quantify the amount of protein in the urine is with a?

Answer 29

24-hour urine collection BUT also a Spot AM urine protein/creatinine.

Question 30

* A 24-hour urine collection with more than

Answer 30

150 mg of protein is considered abnormal

Question 31

A specimen with more than 3.5 g is indicative of?

Answer 31

of a nephrotic process.- from a 24- hour urine collection

Question 32

Know the iceberg of incontinence chart?

Answer 32

Question 33

Incontinence Medication Classes?

Answer 33

- TCA's antidepressants -Stress- alpha adrenergic agents -Urge- anticholinergic agents

Question 34

Surgical procedure for urge incontinence?

Answer 34

-TURP -Stress bladder suspension procedure

Question 35

Physiological Incontinence?

Answer 35

-Vaginal cones & periurthreal bulking inserts -Intermittent cath- overflow -pelvic organ support device

Question 36

Caring process for incontinence?

Answer 36

-support - patience -active listening -advocacy -commitment

Question 37

Self care for incontinence?

Answer 37

-Absorbent pads -toileting regimen -lifestyle alterations-decrease liquid in the PM, decrease caffeine in the PM -bladder retraining -pelvic muscle strength training (Kegel exercises) -Vaginal weight training

Question 38

Nutrition for incontinence

Answer 38

decrease caffeine, increase bran

Question 39

Mind/Body Incontinence?

Answer 39

-biofeedback -relaxation exercises -electrical stimulation (TENS) -spiritual connectedness

Question 40

Environmental Incontinence?

Answer 40

-caregiver schedule -Improved mobility -Access to bathroom voiding record