Urinalysis and body fluid

Question 1

the action of this hormone is reabsorption of water fromthe distal tubules and a deficiency is seen in diabetes insipidus?

Answer 1

ADH or AVP (arginine vasopressin)

Question 2

Metabolic waste product produced in the liver from the breakdown of protein?

Answer 2

Urea

Question 3

In urine these values will increase due to prolonged sitting?

Answer 3

Nitrite (bacterial growth)
pH (urea converted to ammonia)
Turbidity (bacterial growth, red or whites, amorphous)

Question 4

In urine these values will decrease due to prolonged sitting?

Answer 4

Glucose (glycolysis due to bacteria and yeast)
Ketones (volatization exposure to air)
Bilirubin (light)
Urobiliongen (oxidized to urobilin)
Cells and cast (lysis)

Question 5

Fruity smell in urine is due to what analyte?

Answer 5

ketones

Question 6

Ammonia smell in urine is due to what?

Answer 6

old urine

Question 7

Mousy smell in urine is due to what?

Answer 7

PKU (phenylketonuria)

Question 8

Maple syrup smell is due to what?

Answer 8

maple syrup disease (branch chained aminoaciduria)

Question 9

Normal urine pH?

Answer 9

6.0

Question 10

Random urine pH?

Answer 10

4.5-8

Question 11

Specific gravity normal value?

Answer 11

1.002-1.035

Question 12

A defect in insulin, polyuria, polydipsia, increased SG, glucose and ketones is indicative of what disease?

Answer 12

Diabetes mellitus

Question 13

A defect in ADH/AVP, polyuria, polydipsia and decreased SG is indicative of what disease?

Answer 13

Diabetes insipidus

Question 14

What causes false negative results for glucose, blood, bilirubin on reagent strips?

Answer 14

ascorbic acid

Question 15

Principle strip- Ehrlich’s reaction: para-dimehtylaminobenzaldehyde in acid buffer reacts with urobilinogen to produce a peach to pink color

Answer 15

urobolinigen

Question 16

These crystals are seen in acidic urine:

Answer 16

Amorphous urates
Uric acid
Calcium oxalate

Question 17

These crystals are found in alkaline urine:

Answer 17

Amporphous phosphates
Triple phosphate
ammonium biurate
Calcium carbonate

Question 18

These are abnormal crystals in the urine:

Answer 18

Cystine
Hippuric acid
Bilirubin
Cholesterol plates
tyrosine and leucine

Question 19

What assists in detecting chronic kidney disease, is more sensitive then creatinine clearance and calculated based on age, gender, and ethnicity?

Answer 19

GFR

Question 20

CSF bacterial infections will yield which results for chemistry and cell counts?

Answer 20

Increased protein
decreased glucose
neutrophils

Question 21

CSF viral infections will yield which results for chemistry and cells count?

Answer 21

increased protein
N glucose
lymphocytes

Question 22

CSF fungal infection will yield what results for chemistry and cell count?

Answer 22

Increased protein
decreased glucose
lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 23

CSF electropheresis shows oligoclonal banding what does this indicate?

Answer 23

MS (multiple sclerosis)

Question 24

this is tested in amniotic fluid and is increased in neural tube disorders?

Answer 24

AFP