Urinalysis

Question 1

What transparency is the urine if crystals, infection, mucus, casts, sperm, etc. are present?

Answer 1

Cloudy

Question 2

What can be the cause for urine the smell like acetone?

Answer 2

Ketoacidosis

Question 3

A foul smell in the odor is sometimes noticed if there are what in the urine?

Answer 3

Bacteria

Question 4

What is the normal urine production for dogs per day in mL per pound?

Answer 4

12-30 mL

Question 5

What is the normal urine production for cats per day in mL per pound?

Answer 5

5-9 mL

Question 6

What is the normal urine production for bovine per day in mL per pound?

Answer 6

8-20 mL

Question 7

What is the normal urine production for equine per day in mL per pound?

Answer 7

2-8 mL

Question 8

What is the normal urine production for swine per day in mL per pound?

Answer 8

2-14 mL

Question 9

What is the normal urine production for sheep/goats per day in mL per pound?

Answer 9

4.5-18 mL

Question 10

What is normal specific gravity?

Answer 10

1.025-1.050

Question 11

Dilute urine samples (less than 1.025) may be caused by?

Answer 11

renal failure or increased drinking

Question 12

Hyper concentrated samples (greater than 1.050) is most often a results of?

Answer 12

Dehydration

Question 13

What is the term for a low concentration (1.008-1.012)?

Answer 13

Isosthenuria

Question 14

What is the term for the inability to concentrate (less than 1.008)?

Answer 14

hyposthenuria

Question 15

What test for for acidity?

Answer 15

pH

Question 16

A pH less than 7 is

Answer 16

acidic

Question 17

A pH greater than 7 is

Answer 17

alkaline

Question 18

Samples left sitting out for periods of time may result in what type of pH?

Answer 18

alkaline

Question 19

What is often related to diet, medication or time of collection?

Answer 19

pH

Question 20

What often indicates UTI, especially renal disease?

Answer 20

Protein

Question 21

What test can confirm there is protein in the urine?

Answer 21

Sulfosalicylic acid test

Question 22

What occurs when the renal threshold of glucose is exceeded (more than 170 mg/dl in dogs)?

Answer 22

Glucosuria

Question 23

What is the most common cause of glucosuria?

Answer 23

Diabetes

Question 24

Increased catabolism of fatty acids results in?

Answer 24

ketonuria

Question 25

Pregnancy toxemia, diabetes, and starvation/prolonged hypoglycemia can cause?

Answer 25

ketonuria

Question 26

What result can be normal in dogs and cattle but it is never normal in cats, pigs, sheep, or horses?

Answer 26

Bilirubin

Question 27

The presence of bilirubin suggest?

Answer 27

biliary obstruction or hemolytic anemia

Question 28

How is bilirubin confirmed in the urine?

Answer 28

Ictotest

Question 29

Reagent strip will react to erythrocytes, hemoglobin and myoglobin if what is in the urine?

Answer 29

Blood

Question 30

What suggest bleeding from the urinary or genital tract if blood is found on urine dipstick?

Answer 30

Erythrocytes

Question 31

What suggests intravascular hemolysis if blood is found on urine dipstick

Answer 31

Hemoglobin

Question 32

What suggests muscle damage if blood is found on urine dipstick

Answer 32

Myoglobin

Question 33

What could be the result for a bacteriuria?

Answer 33

Nitrate

Question 34

What can be more reliable in dogs on a test strip but false positives are very common in cats?

Answer 34

Leukocytes

Question 35

How should you confirm if a urine dipstick has leukocytes?

Answer 35

sediment exam

Question 36

When the urine sample is centrifuged for a sediment evaluation on low speed what is separated?

Answer 36

Sediment from the supernatant

Question 37

What is poured off after centrifuging the urine?

Answer 37

Supernatant

Question 38

Animals with ethylene glycol toxicity often have what type of crystals?

Answer 38

calcium oxalate