URI Lower - Diebel Handout - Bronchitis Flashcards

1
Q

What does bronchitis cause?

A

Inflammation of the trachea and bronchi but does not involve the alveoli.

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2
Q

What usually causes bronchitis?

A

Viral agents

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3
Q

Bronchitis occurs in patients of all ages it is most common in. . .

A

. . . younger and older persons.

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4
Q

What are some viruses common to causing bronchitis?

A
  • Influenza viruses A and B
  • Parainfluenza viruses
  • Adenovirus
  • Respiratory Synctial virus (RSV)
  • Rhinovirus
  • Coxsackievirus groups A and B
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5
Q

What does Bronchitis typically present with (symptoms)?

A
  • Cough (non-productive at first but may become mucopurulent)
  • Chest pain
  • Fever (101-102 F)
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6
Q

What do physical findings reveal in Bronchitis?

A

Infected pharynx.

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7
Q

What might a patient experience several hours before symptoms of bronchitis develop?

A
  • Malaise
  • Headache
  • Sore throat
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8
Q

What do you see on CXR of bronchitis?

A

NO consolidations or infiltrates (looks normal)

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9
Q

What test can help differentiate between bronchitis and pneumonia?

A

CXR

-Shows infiltrates in pneumonia, not bronchitis

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10
Q

When does bronchitis usually occur?

A

After a viral URTI that extends into the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles and results in a hacking cough and sputum production.

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11
Q

What does inflammation in bronchitis result in?

A

Hyper secretion of mucus in the bronchial airways –> cough reflex aids in elimination of mucus secretions from airways.

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12
Q

What can happen in time with viral bronchitis?

A

Bacteria can colonize the damaged airways causing the sputum to become purulent.

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13
Q

What happens in bronchitis if the patient is healthy?

A

Viral infection is eliminated and mucous membranes return to normal within 7-10 days.

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14
Q

What happens when smokers get bronchitis?

A

Mucociliary clearance of the airway may be delayed due to excess mucous production and loss of ciliated cells. This leads to a productive cough. And these patients are more likely to develop chronic bronchitis.

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15
Q

When is bronchitis most common?

A

Winter months

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16
Q

What is bronchitis diagnosis based on?

A

Clinical signs and symptoms

17
Q

What cannot be distinguished based on signs and symptoms alone?

A

The difference between pneumonia and bronchitis. (unless you do a CXR)

18
Q

What does an elevated temperature indicate in bronchitis?

A

Bacterial bronchitis may be present.

19
Q

What is the course of bronchitis in an otherwise healthy person?

A

Almost always self-limiting!

20
Q

What type of therapy is recommended for bronchitis?

A

Supportive therapy.

21
Q

When would it be necessary to identify a bacterial pathogen

A

If the patient has bronchitis lasting longer than 14 days, along with a fever, and purulent sputum.

22
Q

What would you treat a patient with if you suspect bacterial bronchitis?

A

Erythromycin or Azithromycin