URI- common cold, influenza, pharyngitis Flashcards
Common cold virology and timing
RHINOVIRUS- fall late spring corona virus- winter/spring influenza virus- fall late spring parainfluenza enterovirus- summer
common cold epidemiology
droplets
sneeze cough etc
common cold symptoms
rhinorrhea nasal congestion sore throat cough malaise
common cold signs
nasal mucosal swelling
clear watery or purulent discharge
common cold diagnosis
clinical
based on symptoms and observed signs
common cold treatment
self limiting supportive care analgesics anitihistimines/decongestants- psedophedrine sudafed, diphenhydramine- benadryl expectorants/antitussives- robitussen
Influenza epidemiology
influenza A and B virus
self limiting
mortality more common in >65 copd DM Cardiovascular disease
-deaths common due to secondary bacterial pneumonia
influenza transmission
aerosolized drops cough sneeze
hand to hand contact
incubation 1-4 d
peak viral shedding 48 hrs
influenza presentation
*** abrupt onset fever up to 106 mylagia (muscle aches) cough sore throat flushing
influenza who to test
when no known outbreak immunocompetent pts after hospitalization high risk healthcare workers ALL inpatient with symptoms
influeza whos high risk
>65 children less than 5 especially less than 2! chronic illness pregnant native american
Inlfuenza diagnostics
done within 3-4 days
Rapid influenza detection tests (RIDTs)
-fast in office <15 min LOW sensitivity/ high specificity
Rapid molecular assay (nucleic acid amplification test, NAAT)
-lab or inpatient 45 min
high sensitivity/specificity
Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
1-8 hrs
high s/s
Viral culture
- GOLD standard 3-10 days
- not for initial clinical management
influenza management
antiviral within 48 hrs neuraminidase inhibitors -oseltamivir/tamiflu -zanamivir/relenza -peramivir/rapivab -baloxavir/xofluza give in pregnancy if suspected influenza A
forms of pharyngitis and which is most common
viral 80%
bacterial
noninfectious
pharyngitis viral
Rhinovirus respiratory syncytial virus adenovirus coronavirus influenza usually fluid collects sometimes whitish
Herpes simplex 1&2 treatment: acyclovir, famciclovir ask sexual history hydration magic mouthwash
Mononucleosis- epstein-barr virus (EBV)
sore throat, pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar exudates
fever
enlarged lymph nodes
SPLENOMEGALY 50%
2-4 week duration up to 3 months contageous
TX: Supportive, avoid contact sports
