Urbanisation - Sao Paulo Flashcards
Describe the population of the central area
It’s decreasing, Peripheral area is increasing = decentralisation
Population Density
9,000 people per sqkm = HIGH
How did it originally grow and how has it changed?
Originally grew as center of agriculture exporting coffee and cotton
Now is major industrial center
Population of metropolitan area
Almost 18 million
What % of vehicles in Brazil are in Sao Paulo?
25%
How much is spent on rubbish collection a day?
$1 million
Describe the unemployment rate
Highest unemployment rate in country
What is the richest district’s HDI?
Moema = same as Portuguese national average
What is the poorest district’s HDI?
Marsilac = lower than world’s poorest country Sierra Leone
8,400 people barely maintain a living in favelas
BIG SOCIAL IMPACT
11,500 homicides compared to 650 New York
Helicpoter pads
240 compared to 10 in New York
3 types of housing
Condos
Corticos
Favelas
Condos
Luxury housing blocks (high walls and Security gates)
Corticos
Inner-city dilapidated rental (blocks of one-room dwellings)
Favelas
Informal settlements (poorly built dwellings)
70%
Substandard housing occupies 70% of area of SP
How much of pop growth is absorbed by favelas?
60%
SP’s largest area of favelas
Heliopolis = 100,000 residents
Why did large scale favela improvement occur?
Residents expecting to remain + change from slum removal to slum upgrading
How did the gov. improve housing?
built new housing, upgrading slums or funding self-help projects
What happened in the 90s?
City supplied funding directly to community groups = allowed families to build their own or remove existing housing
Also provided serviced plots for building with mains water, electricity + sewage
What was the point of Site Schemes?
Low cost solution to housing problems
However annual house building only increased to 8,000 during this period
Cingapura scheme
A slum demolition + redevelopment programme
= not successful
Explain its public transport system
Inadequate, its three small subway lines are saturated by 2.5 million passengers each day
How much of Sao Paulo does slum housing occupy?
70%
20% of pop live in favelas
Why did the Cingapura scheme fail
because the overall cost was too much to build new houses
Only a fraction of the funding was made available
Residents couldn’t afford the houses
