Urbanisation - Sao Paulo

Question 1

Describe the population of the central area

Answer 1

It’s decreasing, Peripheral area is increasing = decentralisation

Question 2

Population Density

Answer 2

9,000 people per sqkm = HIGH

Question 3

How did it originally grow and how has it changed?

Answer 3

Originally grew as center of agriculture exporting coffee and cotton

Now is major industrial center

Question 4

Population of metropolitan area

Answer 4

Almost 18 million

Question 5

What % of vehicles in Brazil are in Sao Paulo?

Answer 5

25%

Question 6

How much is spent on rubbish collection a day?

Answer 6

$1 million

Question 7

Describe the unemployment rate

Answer 7

Highest unemployment rate in country

Question 8

What is the richest district’s HDI?

Answer 8

Moema = same as Portuguese national average

Question 9

What is the poorest district’s HDI?

Answer 9

Marsilac = lower than world’s poorest country Sierra Leone

8,400 people barely maintain a living in favelas

Question 10

BIG SOCIAL IMPACT

Answer 10

11,500 homicides compared to 650 New York

Question 11

Helicpoter pads

Answer 11

240 compared to 10 in New York

Question 12

3 types of housing

Answer 12

Condos

Corticos

Favelas

Question 13

Condos

Answer 13

Luxury housing blocks (high walls and Security gates)

Question 14

Corticos

Answer 14

Inner-city dilapidated rental (blocks of one-room dwellings)

Question 15

Favelas

Answer 15

Informal settlements (poorly built dwellings)

Question 16

70%

Answer 16

Substandard housing occupies 70% of area of SP

Question 17

How much of pop growth is absorbed by favelas?

Answer 17

60%

Question 18

SP’s largest area of favelas

Answer 18

Heliopolis = 100,000 residents

Question 19

Why did large scale favela improvement occur?

Answer 19

Residents expecting to remain + change from slum removal to slum upgrading

Question 20

How did the gov. improve housing?

Answer 20

built new housing, upgrading slums or funding self-help projects

Question 21

What happened in the 90s?

Answer 21

City supplied funding directly to community groups = allowed families to build their own or remove existing housing

Also provided serviced plots for building with mains water, electricity + sewage

Question 22

What was the point of Site Schemes?

Answer 22

Low cost solution to housing problems

However annual house building only increased to 8,000 during this period

Question 23

Cingapura scheme

Answer 23

A slum demolition + redevelopment programme

= not successful

Question 24

Explain its public transport system

Answer 24

Inadequate, its three small subway lines are saturated by 2.5 million passengers each day

Question 25

How much of Sao Paulo does slum housing occupy?

Answer 25

70%

20% of pop live in favelas

Question 26

Why did the Cingapura scheme fail

Answer 26

because the overall cost was too much to build new houses

Only a fraction of the funding was made available

Residents couldn’t afford the houses