Urbanisation Flashcards
What are the 2 main causes of urban growth
Natural population growth (more births than deaths)
Rural to urban migration
Why do urban areas tend to have relatively young age profiles
Young adults (19-40 years) migrate as they’re attracted to prospect of higher paying jobs, better educational opportunities and greater social and cultural diversity
Why are rates of natural increase high in cities
the young migrants are in their fertile years so rates of natural increase are higher in cities than in surrounding rural areas
Between 2001-2011 the population in large city centres in England and Wales increased by how much
More than double
What are some push factors (negative factors in rural areas) for rural to urban migration
Population growth
Agricultural problems
Natural disasters
Inadequate medical provision
Why is population growth a push factor
The same are of land has to support increasing numbers of people causing over farming, soil erosion and low yields
Why is agricultural problems a push factor
Desertification due to low rainfall, soil not adequate enough to support crops, money needed to be invested to tackle this
Why is inadequate medical provision a push factor
High levels of local diseases in rural areas
What are some pull factors (positive factors in urban areas ) for rural to urban migration
Employment
Better quality social provisions
Perceived better quality of life
Earning money from informal sector
Why is employment a pull factor
Employment in factories and service industries which is better paid than rural areas
Why is better quality social provisions a pull factor
Higher levels of education, healthcare, entertainment
Why is a perceived better quality of life a pull factor
Images in the media promoting an Improved life
