Urbanisation Flashcards
What is urbanisation?
The process where an increasing proportion of the population lives in towns and cities.
There is a reduction living in rural areas.
Urbanisation is a worldwide process, how?
It began at different times in different parts of the world and occurred at contrasting paces.
What are the 2 main causes of urbanisation?
Rural to urban migration.
Natural increase.
Who are the people who move to cities?
Young people resulting in high levels of natural increase.
High proportion of young adults results in high levels of birth.
Falling death rates.
When did urbanisation begin in MEDCs?
eg USA and UK.
The late 18th and 19th century .
What was one of the main reasons which made urbanisation happen in MEDCs?
Mechanisation in farming.
What did the new machinery mean in MEDCS?
It meant less labour needed, which led to unemployment amongst farm workers.
What was the main attraction of the emerging industrial cities in MEDCS?
The growth of large scale production in factories in towns.
What did many of the mine and factory owners do in MEDCs?
Built houses for their workers.
What happened in the 20th century in MEDCS?
Towns and cities continued to grow causing rural depopulation.
What did rural depopulation result in?
90% of the UK population is now classified as urban.
However, what is happening today in big cities like USA and UK?
They are experiencing a loss of population as people are now able to commute to work or work from home due to advances in information technology.
Urbanisation is happening a lot later in LEDCS.
Only since the 1950s and its happening a lot faster.
What is one of the key reasons why urbanisation is occurring?
Rural to urban migration this is similar to MEDCS.
In LEDCs people are pushed away from rural areas, why?
Due to mechanisation in farming, pulled towards cities.
However, in LEDCS why is rural to urban migration also taking place?
Because of landless, drought, civil war and famine.
How is the city pulling those who live in rural areas to the cities in LEDCS?
Chance of education. Piped water. Electricity. Modern economic activities. Entertainment.
What is also much more rapid in LEDCS?
Natural increase.
High fertility rates and high rates if natural increase are characteristics of a developing country.
What percentage of the UKS population live in urban areas?
80%.
What percentage of Bangladesh’s population live in urban areas?
25%.
What happened 200 hundred years ago:?
London was the only city to have a million people.
What happened in the 1950s?
1/3 lived in cities.
Now more than half live in cities.
What was New York in the 1950s?
It was the only global mega city.
What is the natural increase?
Number of babies born minus the number of deaths.
What is counter urbanisation?
Back to urban from rural
