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urbanisation Flashcards

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1
Q

Urbanisation

A

Is the increase of proportion of people living in urban areas in comparison to rural areas

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2
Q

megacity

A

A city with over 10million people

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3
Q

What happened in the uk in 1961

A

The uk was the first country in the world to have an urban population of 50% ( due to industrial revolution)

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4
Q

What is the Brandt line

A

The Brandt Line is an imaginary division that has provided a rough way of dividing all of the countries in the world in to the rich north and poor south.

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5
Q

When was the Brandt line made?

A

1980

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6
Q

Where are most megacities located

A

In Asia

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7
Q

Where are there few megacities

A

In industrialised areas

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8
Q

What is migration

A

The movement of population from one area to another

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9
Q

Name some push factors

A

Drought, natural disasters, lack of employment, poor education facilities, poor health care, war, land shortage

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10
Q

Name some pull factors

A

Higher standard of living, good education, jobs available, good health services, better social environment

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11
Q

Name 3 examples of megacities

A

Tokyo, new York and lagos

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12
Q

lic

A

Low income country

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13
Q

nee

A

Newly economically developed

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14
Q

describe the location of rio de Janeiro

A

Southern hemisphere of the country of Brazil
Just north of the tropic of Capricorn
Brazil is located in south America
Duo is surrounded by the Atlantic ocean

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15
Q

How is rio important on s national scale

A

The cultural capital
Attracts many tourists
First south American city to host the Olympic games
industrialised city

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16
Q

What is the multiplier effect

A

If new jobs are created, people who take them have money to spend in the shops, which means that more shop workers are needed. The shop workers pay their taxes and spend their new-found money, creating yet more jobs in industries as diverse as transport and education

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17
Q

tourism

A

Receives more tourists than any other city in south America with about 2.82million per year

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18
Q

cbd

A

Central business district

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19
Q

high residential areas found

A

Next to cbd and beeches such as copacabana

20
Q

North zone

A

Port, airport, soccer stadium, national park, FAVELAS

21
Q

Central zone

A

CBD, oldest part, financial centre, largest oil and mining companies

22
Q

West zone

A

Wealthy coastal suburb, tourists, rich, some parts industrialised with low quality housing around steel works, main Olympic stadiums

23
Q

South zone

A

Developed after tunnels were cut through mountains, main tourist hotels send beaches, wealthiest district in the whole of south America, overlooked by rochina,

24
Q

Types of employment in rio

A

Tourism, manufacturing,constuction,service, port, oil refining

25
Q

port

A

Export products
generate more jobs in Rio
Business
overseas

26
Q

service

A

Overseas

High skilled workers

27
Q

construction

A

Low skilled workers

28
Q

Steel

A

Increase gdp

29
Q

tourism

A

Businesses can thrive, multiplier effect

30
Q

manufacturers

A

Cheap because its an led, employees cheaper veto pay, long ours low pay

31
Q

oil

A

Expensive

Overseas

32
Q

Olympic opportunities

A 
Short term jobs
Housing facilities
Sports facilities
Businesses thriving
Increase GDP
Improved infrastructure
Clean polluted water
33
Q

Olympic challenges

A 
Bankrupted the local government
Crime and riots broke out
Didn't spend money on necessities
Houses destroyed
Not everyone will benefit
34
Q

How many families evicted in the favelas

A

385

35
Q

1000 people lost their houses for

A

A new road

36
Q

How much of the population live in the favelas

A

25%

37
Q

Environmental challenges of urban growth- water

A

Polluted water systems, increase water borne diseases
Poor drainage system
Over 200 TONNES OF RAW SEWAGE POURS ON THE BEACH EVERYDAY
This decreases tourism
12% of RIO DONT HAVE ACCESS TO RUNNING WATER

38
Q

Environmental challenges of urban growth-Pollution

A

Traffic congestion
Safer to be in a car
The number of cars in Rio over the past decade has increased by 40%

39
Q

Environmental challenges of urban growth-solutions

A

95% of population now have main water supply
Safer on public transport
New roads

40
Q

Social challenges of urban growth

A 
Pressure on jobs
Pressure on education
Healthcare
Low skilled workers
ONLY 55% OF THE CITY HAVE A LOCAL FAMILY HEALTH CARE CLINIC 
Crime
Not enough energy
Informal job sector increased
41
Q

Solutions to social challenges

A

Giving school grants
the favela have their own unit
Police to help tackle crime
Health kits

42
Q

Economic challenges

A

Unemployment rates in favela over 20%

crime

43
Q

solutions

A

Education

School for tomorrow programme

44
Q

What is the informal economy

A

Employment outside of the official knowledge of the government (illegal and don’t pay tax so government suffers)

45
Q

High murder rate of

A

20 to 1000 people

46
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

50 to 1000 people

geography urban challenges (1 decks)

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