urbanisation

Question 1

case study

Answer 1

• rio de janeiro
• south east coast if brazil
  SOCIAL CHALLENGES:
• residents often lack access to basic services & live in precarious conditions
  ECONOMIC CHALLENGES:
• economic disparities - wide gaps in income
  ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES:
• pollution & waste management - impacting ecosystems health

Question 2

rdj push & pull factors

Answer 2

PULL:
- rio sits on GuanaBara bay: natural deep sea port & generates lots of international trade
- more schools, doctors and other services in the city
PUSH:
- 6.8 millions brazilians have been internationally displaced by natural disasters in the last 20 years
- housing in rural areas is even worse than in the city

Question 3

why do rural areas seek urban growth

Answer 3

• better transport
• better trading
• nearby natural recourses
• better jobs
• better schools & education

Question 4

urban wedges

Answer 4

urban growth is allowed to take place in wedges, ensuring some green areas are protected throughout the city

Question 5

squatter settlement

Answer 5

rural residential area which has developed without legal claims or permission to build on the land