Urbanisation

Question 1

What is urbanisation?

Answer 1

An increasing percentage of a country’s population living in towns and cities

Question 2

What is a settlement?

Answer 2

A collection of dwellings where people live in the same area

Question 3

Give examples of urban settlement

Answer 3

Cities and larger towns

Question 4

What is an urban area?

Answer 4

A built up area (a town or city)

Question 5

What is a rural area?

Answer 5

The countryside

Question 6

Give examples of rural settlements

Answer 6

Villages, hamlets and smaller towns (market towns)

Question 7

How do levels of urbanisation vary between countries at different rates of development? Why?

Answer 7

More developed countries with higher levels of urbanisation are urbanising slower than developing countries because they are generally richer and have well-paid jobs. However they have lower rates of urbanisation than poorer countries because they are already very urban and so cannot urbanise much further

Question 8

What is a megacity?

Answer 8

A population with at least 10 million

Question 9

Which continent has the most megacities?

Answer 9

The Asian continent

Question 10

What are push factors? (Rural-Urban migration)

Answer 10

Negative characteristics of a place people migrate from that makes them want to leave

Question 11

What are pull factors? (Rural-Urban migration)

Answer 11

Positive characteristics of a place that makes people want to migrate

Question 12

What are obstacles? (Rural-Urban migration)

Answer 12

Factors that make it harder to undertake migration

Question 13

What are examples of push factors? (Rural-Urban migration)

Answer 13

Too quiet
Long trip to school
Very poor
Floods
Rotting food
Bad education
Marriage at a young age

Question 14

What are examples of pull factors? (Rural-Urban migration)

Answer 14

Contacts/Friends
Good business/Careers
Good education
Better living conditions
Higher wage
Tourism

Question 15

What are examples of obstacles? (Rural-Urban migration)

Answer 15

Very poor
Homesick
Nowhere currently live
Cost of journey
Fear of failure
Burden on family
No travel paperwork

Question 16

What are characteristics of shanty towns?

Answer 16

They are illegal and often built from salvaged materials such as timber, tarpaulin and corrugated iron. They are densely populated areas that are found on unwanted land used by people who cannot afford proper housing

Question 17

What does GIS stand for?

Answer 17

Geographical Information System

Question 18

What is the GIS?

Answer 18

A way of using digital maps to present and analyse data which exists in separate layers for each piece of information the map is showing

Question 19

What are the two different types of data in GIS?

Answer 19

Raster and Vector

Question 20

What is Vector data shown as?

Answer 20

Points that can be joined together to form lines and used to show map features

Question 21

Which layers are Raster or Vector data? (Customers, Streets, Parcels, Elevation and Land Usage)

Answer 21

Raster - Elevation & Land Usage

Vector - Customers, Streets & Parcels

Question 22

What are the five components of GIS?

Answer 22

Hardware (E.g. iPad)
Methods
A map
People
Software (E.g. ArcGIS)

Remember: Hannah’s MAPS

Question 23

What is the term rural-urban-migration?

Answer 23

Moving from the countryside to a town or city

Question 24

What are ways to help improve conditions in shanty towns?

Answer 24

Micro-Loans help small economic business owners to expand their businesses, improving the shanty town local economy

Site and Service Schemes allows poorer urban residents to buy or rent a cheaper piece of land

Question 25

What are two advantages of GIS over traditional maps?

Answer 25

Compact storage, easily backed up

Question 26

Why did Manchester rapidly grow in the 19th century and what were the consequences?

Answer 26

Industrial Revolution, causing people to urbanise to Manchester due to the lack of agricultural jobs in the countryside because of the inventions and machinery that boosted farming productivity This resulted in an increase in factory jobs producing goods like cotton and cloth

Question 27

Explain the decline of Manchester’s population in the 20th century

Answer 27

Other countries produced the same countries and sold them more cheaply, meaning they were bought more frequently and so Manchester wasn’t selling as many goods. This lead to a decrease in population as people moved away to find more work, a closing down of factories and an increase in crime rates

Question 28

What is Raster data shown as?

Answer 28

Pixels that are used to construct the background map

Question 29

Explain a 21st century regeneration project in the city

Answer 29

Provides a modern tram service a canal which has been cleaned and run-down housing is replaced by modern buildings