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Geography Yr 8 > Urbanisation > Flashcards

Urbanisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is urbanisation?

A

An increasing percentage of a country’s population living in towns and cities

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2
Q

What is a settlement?

A

A collection of dwellings where people live in the same area

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3
Q

Give examples of urban settlement

A

Cities and larger towns

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4
Q

What is an urban area?

A

A built up area (a town or city)

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5
Q

What is a rural area?

A

The countryside

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6
Q

Give examples of rural settlements

A

Villages, hamlets and smaller towns (market towns)

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7
Q

How do levels of urbanisation vary between countries at different rates of development? Why?

A

More developed countries with higher levels of urbanisation are urbanising slower than developing countries because they are generally richer and have well-paid jobs. However they have lower rates of urbanisation than poorer countries because they are already very urban and so cannot urbanise much further

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8
Q

What is a megacity?

A

A population with at least 10 million

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9
Q

Which continent has the most megacities?

A

The Asian continent

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10
Q

What are push factors? (Rural-Urban migration)

A

Negative characteristics of a place people migrate from that makes them want to leave

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11
Q

What are pull factors? (Rural-Urban migration)

A

Positive characteristics of a place that makes people want to migrate

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12
Q

What are obstacles? (Rural-Urban migration)

A

Factors that make it harder to undertake migration

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13
Q

What are examples of push factors? (Rural-Urban migration)

A

Too quiet
Long trip to school
Very poor
Floods
Rotting food
Bad education
Marriage at a young age

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14
Q

What are examples of pull factors? (Rural-Urban migration)

A

Contacts/Friends
Good business/Careers
Good education
Better living conditions
Higher wage
Tourism

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15
Q

What are examples of obstacles? (Rural-Urban migration)

A

Very poor
Homesick
Nowhere currently live
Cost of journey
Fear of failure
Burden on family
No travel paperwork

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16
Q

What are characteristics of shanty towns?

A

They are illegal and often built from salvaged materials such as timber, tarpaulin and corrugated iron. They are densely populated areas that are found on unwanted land used by people who cannot afford proper housing

17
Q

What does GIS stand for?

A

Geographical Information System

18
Q

What is the GIS?

A

A way of using digital maps to present and analyse data which exists in separate layers for each piece of information the map is showing

19
Q

What are the two different types of data in GIS?

A

Raster and Vector

20
Q

What is Vector data shown as?

A

Points that can be joined together to form lines and used to show map features

21
Q

Which layers are Raster or Vector data? (Customers, Streets, Parcels, Elevation and Land Usage)

A

Raster - Elevation & Land Usage

Vector - Customers, Streets & Parcels

22
Q

What are the five components of GIS?

A

Hardware (E.g. iPad)
Methods
A map
People
Software (E.g. ArcGIS)

Remember: Hannah’s MAPS

23
Q

What is the term rural-urban-migration?

A

Moving from the countryside to a town or city

24
Q

What are ways to help improve conditions in shanty towns?

A

Micro-Loans help small economic business owners to expand their businesses, improving the shanty town local economy

Site and Service Schemes allows poorer urban residents to buy or rent a cheaper piece of land

25
Q

What are two advantages of GIS over traditional maps?

A

Compact storage, easily backed up

26
Q

Why did Manchester rapidly grow in the 19th century and what were the consequences?

A

Industrial Revolution, causing people to urbanise to Manchester due to the lack of agricultural jobs in the countryside because of the inventions and machinery that boosted farming productivity

This resulted in an increase in factory jobs producing goods like cotton and cloth

27
Q

Explain the decline of Manchester’s population in the 20th century

A

Other countries produced the same countries and sold them more cheaply, meaning they were bought more frequently and so Manchester wasn’t selling as many goods. This lead to a decrease in population as people moved away to find more work, a closing down of factories and an increase in crime rates

28
Q

What is Raster data shown as?

A

Pixels that are used to construct the background map

29
Q

Explain a 21st century regeneration project in the city

A

Provides a modern tram service a canal which has been cleaned and run-down housing is replaced by modern buildings

Geography Yr 8 (4 decks)

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