Urbanisation

Question 1

Why do levels of urbanisation vary around the world?

Answer 1

The two causes of urbanisation are natural population increase and rural to urban migration. Urbanisation affects all sizes of settlements from small villages to towns to cities, leading up to the growth of mega-cities which have more than ten million people.

Question 2

Why did Manchester grow in the 19th century?

Answer 2

In the early 19th century, the rapid growth of Manchester’s cotton industry drove the town’s expansion, putting it at the heart of new, global networks of manufacturing and trade. Young men and women poured in from the countryside, eager to find work in the new factories and mills.

Question 3

As Manchesters factories closed down, what rose and what happened?

Answer 3

As Manchesters factories closed down, crime rates increased, causing lots of people to move away from the city.

Question 4

What year did Manchesters population peak?

Answer 4

1931

Question 5

What’s the 21st century regeneration project in Manchester?

Answer 5

From the construction of thousands of new homes, affordable housing, a business park, new public transport links, and more, East Manchester regeneration has been incredible. Work continues today still, with new East Manchester regeneration including the introduction of new affordable housing and social housing.

Question 6

Name 2 advantages of shanty town life:

Answer 6

• recycling rates in shanty towns are incredibly high.
• community spirit in shanty towns can be very strong- they can be close-knit communities.

Question 7

Name 2 disadvantages of shanty town life:

Answer 7

• Shanty towns are densely populated, causing overcrowding and not enough space or resources.
• Disease levels are high, due to the unsanitary conditions and the high population densities, which allow illnesses such as cholera and typhoid to spread easily.

Question 8

Name two schemes that can be done to improve life in shanty towns:

Answer 8

• Aided self-help schemes are a cooperative effort between city authorities and shanty town dwellers. The authorities provide money and materials to help improve living conditions.
• Micro-loans are provided by charities and other NGOs. They help small business owners working in the informal economy to expand their businesses, benefiting the economy of the shanty town.

Question 9

What is a GIS?

Answer 9

A Geographical Information System is a way of using digital maps to present and analyse data.

Question 10

What are the 2 types of data in GIS?

Answer 10

Raster data, vector data

Question 11

What is raster data?

Answer 11

Raster data is shown in pixels (coloured squares), and is generally used to construct the background map.

Question 12

What is vector data?

Answer 12

Vector data is shown in points, which may be joined together to form lines.

Question 13

Name 4 benefits of GIS

Answer 13

• Compact storage
• Layers make it flexible
• Easily backed up
• Lots of display choices

Question 14

Name 4 disadvantages of paper maps:

Answer 14

• Take up lots of space
• Can’t be changed
• Easily damaged
• Data only displayed in one way

Question 15

What are the 5 components of GIS?

Answer 15

• Hardware
• Method
• A map
• People
• Software