Urbanisation Flashcards
Urbanisation
Refers to the population moving from rural to urban areas
Push factors
- Lack of jobs
- no access to education
- poor health care
- high crime rates
Pull factors
- well paid jobs
- higher quality of living
- better access to health care
- better access to education
Internal migration
Migrating in the country
External migration
Migrating out of the country
Industrialisation
the development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.
Emigrant
a person who leaves their own country in order to settle permanently in another.
Displacement
Moving to a different area due to circumstances such as poverty, war and natural disasters
Urban sprawl
the spreading of urban developments (such as houses and shopping centers) on undeveloped land near a city.
Consequences of urbanisation
Economic
POSITIVE:
- better employment + higher wages
- urban businesses benefit from workers with diverse sets of skills
NEGATIVE:
- more people moving to urban areas than there are jobs
- those who cant get a job live in poverty and are homeless
Consequences of urbanisation
Social
POSITIVE
- government considers their urban areas’s diverse needs
- greater accessibility to services such as water, education and health care
NEGATIVE
- traditional concept of a family can change
- fertility rate drops (can be a good/bad thing)
Consequences of urbanisation
Environmental
POSITIVE
- Development of infrastructure in the urban environment
- access to new technologies in the urban environments
NEGATIVE
- Industrialisation occur more in urban areas, lead to fossil fuel -> high levels of carbon dioxide -> speed up global warming
- increase in water and water pollution
- deforestation due to land development and resulting loss of floral and fauna
Intrastate
Exisiting or occurring within a state
Interstate
Connecting or involving other states
Internal migration
the movement of people between usual residences within national states.
Why international emigrants migrate to Australia
Australia is considered one of the safest countries on the planet. It has low levels of crime and efficient police forces. In general, Australian citizens feel proud of the peaceful society in which they live. Australia really excels when it comes to quality of life for many reasons which include; the weather, higher quality food, a better work-life balance, higher wages.
They usually go to Sydney Sydney is not only home to a number of established migrant communities, but also hosts a number of higher education institutions and businesses which draw in overseas migrants.
