Urbanisatio n Flashcards
What is urbanisation?
An increasing percentage of a country’s population living in towns and cities
What is a mega city?
A city with a population of over 10 million
Causes of growth of population in Manchester in 19th century?
It was home to cotton mills, industrial warehouses and low quality terraced houses for the factory workers.
Why is there a decline in population in Manchester in the 20th century?
It became cheaper to produce factory goods in other countries
Why did the population increase in Manchester in the 21st century?
Many industrial buildings have been restored and repurposed into flats. Art galleries and music venues
What are the characteristics of a shanty town?
Informal, Illegal, building materials, location in city, Who lives there?, what jobs do people do?
What is the informal characteristic of a shanty town?
Shanty towns are unplanned settlements, people just build houses wherever they can
Describe the illegal characteristic of a shanty town?
People living there are squatters, they do not own the land they build on and have no legal right to be there
Describe the building materials characteristic of a shanty town
Dwellings are built from salvaged or recycled materials, timber, tarpaulin.
Describe the characteristic of who lives in a shanty town?
People who cannot afford accommodation in other parts of the city. Many are rural to urban migrants
Describe the location in a city characteristic for shanty towns?
Land that no one else wants to build on because the slopes are too steep, the flood risk is too great or the land is too polluted
Describe the jobs people do in shanty towns.
They work in the informal sector of the economy. They make up for themselves because they cannot find formal jobs. Selling things on streets or providing a rickshaw service. The jobs are unregulated
What are push factors
Negative characteristics of a place that people migrate from that make people want to leave
What is a pull factor?
Positive characteristics of a place that attract people
Describe 3 potential push factors and 3 potential pull factors that could come up.
Push: lack of jobs, very poor, poor weather, illness
Pull: more jobs, family live there, better farm land,
What are two schemes to improve conditions in shanty towns?
Aided self help schemes- authority’s provide money and materials to help improve living conditions and the shanty town dwellers provide the labour and use this to build roads , and use wires for electricity
Micro-loans- provided by charity’s to help people working in informal economy to expand their business
What is a geographical information system?
A way of using digital maps to present and analyse data
What are the consequences of the increase of population in the 19th century?
Bad quality houses that turned into slums, lots of disease with low mortality rate
What are the components of a GiS map?
Hardware, methods, software,people, data
What a is raster data?
Shown in pixel and is used to contruct the backround
What is vector data?
Made of points, that are joined to form lines, they show map features on top of the backround
What are two advantages of GIS over traditional maps?
Easy storage, layers make it flexible to be used, can be backed up,
