Urban Processes Flashcards
Land Use Planning
Policies and regulations that play an important role in shaping the land uses and characteristics of urban and rural places. It involves land use zoning, transport planning, grouping of compatible land uses, creating buffer zones between incompatible land uses, determining residential densities, renewal project and planning for future growth.
Agglomeration
A group of similar, but not necessarily the same land uses that locate in the same area in order to benefit from common infrastructure and each other’s operations. For example, most industrial areas and major shopping centres.
Invasion
The gradual invasion of one land use type into an area dominated by a different land use.
Urban Sprawl
The outward spread of typically low-density residential and urban development on the periphery of urban areas.
Urban Renewal
The rehabilitation of urban areas, by regeneration, replacement, repair or renovation, in accordance with comprehensive plans, typically larger-scale redevelopment projects, usually initiated by the government.
Land Use Competition
The competition that occurs between different land use functions when more than one land use can benefit from a particular location. This competition increased the land value and usually the land use that can deliver the highest return on investment will locate in that particular area. For example, the centre of an urban area is usually the most accessible and therefore desirable and most expensive.
Inertia
A stage at which an industry prefers to run in its former location although the main alluring factors are gone. E.g. a historical building preserved even though around it has become more built up with modern buildings.
Succession
*Always paired with Invasion
When invading land use has almost completely transformed the land use in that particular area.
Centrifugal Forces
Forces that cause functions to move away from the centre to the periphery of a city. (also known as a city).
Consolidation/Subdivision
The demolition of a house and replacement with higher density apartments or townhouses.
Aggregation
A group of similar and related land uses that locate in the same area in order to achieve an economic benefit.
Centripetal forces
Forces that ATTRACT functions to the central, most accessible area.
Segregation
The process where dissimilar or incompatible functions locate away from each other, usually the result of planning.
Free Market
The way in which cities are influenced and organised based on the needs and wants of individuals.
Gentrification
A trend in urban neighbourhoods involving the process by which wealthier people move into, renovate or restore housing (&& sometimes businesses) in inner cities or other deteriorated areas. This results in increased values and displacement of lower-income families and small businesses.
