Urban Issues Flashcards
What is Urbanisation
An increase in the amount of people living in urban areas such as towns or cities.
What is a push factor
Things that push people away from their home
What is a pull factor
Things that pull people to a new home
Examples of Push Factors
-Natural disasters
-War and Conflict
-Mechanisation
-Drought
-Lack of Employment
Examples of Pull Factors
-Employment opportunities
-Better education and healthcare
-Increased quality of life
-Following family members
-Religious freedom
-Better working conditions
What is Natural Increase
When birth rate exceeds the death rate
What are the causes of Urbanisation
Rural-Urban Migration (Push & Pull Factors)
Natural Increase
Causes of Increase in Birth Rate (BR)
-High percentage of the population are child-bearing age which leads to a high fertility rate
-Lack of contraception or education about family planning
Causes of Decrease Death Rate (DR)
-Higher life expectancy due to better living conditions and diet
-Improved medical facilities helps lower infant mortality rate.
What is a Megacity
An urban area with over 10 million people living there
What is an Integrated Transport System
The linking of different forms of public transport within a city and the surrounding area
What is a Brownfield Site
An area of land or premises that has been previously used, but has subsequently become vacant, derelict or contaminated
What is a Greenbelt Area
Zone of land surrounding a city where new building is strictly controlled to try prevent cities growing too much and too fast
What is Urban Regeneration
The investment in the revival of old, urban areas by either improving what is there or clearing it away and rebuilding
What is Water Conservation and how can it be carried out
Reducing the amount of water used:
-Collecting rainwater for gardens and flushing toilets
-Installing water meters and toilets that flush less water.
-Educating people on using less water