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Geography Urban Environments > Urban Environments > Flashcards

Urban Environments Flashcards

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1
Q

Site

A

The land on which a settlement is built

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2
Q

Situation

A

The location of a settlement in relation to the surrounding area

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3
Q

Function

A

The main activities taking place in a city e.g. residential, industrial, port, tourism, commercial, fishing, mining, transport hub, multi-functional

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4
Q

Heiachy

A

An order of importance

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5
Q

Megacity

A

A city with more than Ten Million inhabitants e.g. Mumbai

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6
Q

Threshold

A

The minimum number of people required for a good/service to operate

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7
Q

Low order good/services

A 
Necessity
goods/services
bought/used
frequently e.g. 
bread/kiosks
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8
Q

High order goods

A

Luxury goods bought infrequently e.g. Cars/Lawyers

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9
Q

Sphere of influence

A

The area served by a settlement or service

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10
Q

Urban Growth

A

The expansion in size of an urban area

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11
Q

Central Business District (CBD)

A

The commercial and business centre of a city

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12
Q

Bid-rent theory

A

The theory that the price of land is determined by how much people are willing to pay. Land in the centre of a town usually has the highest rent values

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13
Q

PLVI

A

Peak Land Value Intersection, the point of highest land values in the CBD

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14
Q

Nodality

A

The number of transport connections a location has available

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15
Q

Internal Zoning

A

The grouping of similar services/shops within a CBD to enable comparison

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16
Q

Range

A

The maximum distance people are prepared to travel for a good/service

17
Q

Vertical Zoning

A

The multi-functional use of a building on different floors

18
Q

Core frame model

A

A core of high order shops in the CBD is surrounding by a frame of services and low order shops

19
Q

Rural urban fringe (RUF)

A

The location between an urban area and the surrounding rural area

20
Q

Negative segregation

A

When an ethnic group is prevented from living in an area usually occupied by a different ethnic group

21
Q

Positive Segregation

A

When an ethic group experiences benefits from choosing to locate together

22
Q

Greenfield site

A

A location on which building has not occurred (often rural location)

23
Q

Brownfield site

A

A location which has previously contained buildings (often inner city location)

24
Q

LIC/HIC

A

Low income country / high income country

25
Q

Informal activity

A

This includes activities which are untaxed and unregulated jobs e.g. cleaning car windows or traffic lights, cleaning homes, prostitution, crafting at home. Informal activity often takes place along roads and close to the CBD where potential customers are found

26
Q

Formal activity

A

This includes taxed, regulated jobs which may have sick pay and holiday leave e.g. office jobs, factory work

27
Q

Areas of deprivation

A

A place without access to social and economic resources which are common in other areas

28
Q

Relative Poverty

A

People unable to afford the activities and opportunities available to average earners

29
Q

Absolute poverty

A

People unable to afford the basic housing, food and safe drinking water

30
Q

Industrialisation

A

A growth in employment in the manufacturing industry

31
Q

Deindustrialisation

A

A decline in the levels of employment in the manufacturing industry

32
Q

Centripetal Movement

A

The movement of people into urban areas

33
Q

Urbanisation

A

The increase in the percentage of people who live in urban areas

34
Q

Natural increase

A

the change in population calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate

35
Q

Pull factors

A

positive factors which attract people to a location

36
Q

Infrastructure

A

the physical structures necessary to support a society e.g. water supply, roads, sewerage, public transport, internet and electricity connectivity

37
Q

Suburbanisation

A

the outward expansion of urban areas

38
Q

Counter-urbanisation

A

the movement of people away from large urban areas to smaller satellite towns

Geography Urban Environments (1 decks)

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