Urban Economies Flashcards
What is formal employment?
Formal employment is officially recognised so workers are protected by the laws of the country. There are rules about hours that can be worked, pay, age and health and safety. Workers also pay tax to the government. For example new York where most of the work is in the formal economy.
What is informal employment?
Informal employment is unofficial so jibs are not taxed or regulated by the government, this can lead to long hours with little pay. For example Kampala where most of the work is in the informal economy.
What does the primary sector involve?
It involves collecting raw materials , e.g. farming, fishing, mining and forestry. For example Kampala where most of the work is in the primary sector.
What does the secondary sector involve?
It involves turning a product into another product (manufacturing), e.g. Textiles, furniture, chemicals, steel and cars. For example New Dehli where most of the work is in the secondary sector.
What does the tertiary sector involve?
It involves providing a service: anything from financial services , nursing and retail to police force and transport. For example New York where most of the work is in the tertiary sector.
What does the quaternary sector involve?
This sector is the information economy, e.g. research and development, where scientists and researchers investigate and develop new products (e.g. electronics and IT industry), and consultancy (e.g. advising businesses).
What is formal and informal employment like in developing countries?
Many workers are employed in the informal sector .
What is formal and informal employment like in emerging countries?
Number of workers in the informal sector decreases as the country develops.
What is formal and informal employment like in developed countries?
Few workers in the informal sector.
What are the economic sectors like in developing countries?
Lots of people work in low skilled tertiary sector jobs, e.g. Market stalls.
Few people work in the secondary sector because there’s not enough money to invest in the technology needed for this type of work.
A small percentage work in nigh skilled jobs like tertiary ( office, I.T ect.). For example in New Dehli and Kampala.
What are the economic sectors like in emerging countries?
There is high employment in the secondary sector as there are establishes industrial zones and good infrastructure. There are lots of good low tertiary jobs as well. As the industrial economy grows, people have more money so there is more of a need for higher tertiary jobs, like medicine or law.
What are the economic sectors like in developed countries?
Fewer people work in the secondary sector than in emerging countries. Most people work in the tertiary sector because there is a skilled and educated work force. There is some employment in quaternary sector because these countries have lots of highly skilled workers.
What are the working conditions like in developing countries?
Conditions are poor, pay is low, hours are long and conditions can be dangerous. Kampala is like this.
What are the working conditions like in emerging countries?
Conditions improve and workers’ rights increase.
What are the working conditions like in developed countries?
Conditions are good . Pay is high workers have many rights protected by law. Like in New York where conditions are like this.
