Urban Climate Flashcards
When are chances of thunderstorm increased in the urban areas
During the late afternoon and early evening in the summer months
How thunderstorms are produced
Thunderstorms are produced by conventional uplift under conditions of extreme instability
What is channeling
Channeling is wind redirected down long straight canyon-like streets where there is less friction
What is Venturi effect
The phenomenon in which wind velocities increase when air flows through an increasingly narrow gap
How building affect wind
They increase friction and reduce speed
What is meant by urban heat island effect
The zone around and above an urban area which has higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas
Outline factored that lead to creation of UHIE
- anthropogenic heat
-urban surfaces with lower albedo
-lack of surface water - less vegetation
-pollution dome
-increased cloud cover
Strategies to reduce UHIE effect
-increase surface reflectivity
-increased vegetation cover
-green roofs
Outline patterns if precipitation in urban area
- Urban areas have put o 10% more rainfall than surrounding areas
- Rain lasts for longer periods and intense storms with thunder are more common
Define smog
A mixture of smoke and fog exacerbated by high levels of industrial and vehicular pollution
Outline pollution reduction policies
Atmosphere measures
Vehicle control
Public transport improvements
Zoning of industry
Vehicle emissions legislation
