Upper Quarter Red Flags Flashcards

1
Q

fractures/dislocation S/Sx

A
  • trauma, sufficient energy exchange (MVA, falls, direct blow or impact)
  • severe limitations of motion all planes (muscular spasm, unwillingness to move)
  • deformity may be present
  • must be ruled-out by diagnostic imaging
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2
Q

spinal neoplasm S/Sx

A
  • medical history (+) for cancer, even if cleared or thought to be in remission
  • night pain/other atypical pain manifestations
  • worsening pain
  • unexplained weight loss
  • fatigue, malaise, unwellness
  • no response to conservative management
  • inconsistent reproduction of neck pain
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3
Q

inflammatory/systemic disease S/Sx

A
  • body temperature > 100°F
  • blood pressure > 160/95 mmHg
  • resting pulse > 100 bpm
  • resting respiration > 25
  • redness, warmth, swelling
  • discoloration (e.g. jaundice)
  • fatigue, malaise, unwellness
  • Hx of past infection
  • post surgical complaints
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4
Q

referred cardiac pain

A
  • left chest, neck, arm pain
  • jaw, posterior thorax (T3/4 - T7), epigastrium pain
  • classically left-sided/C8 distribution
  • angina
  • associated symptoms: dyspnea, LE edema, SOB, fatigue, syncope
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5
Q

referred gall bladder pain

A
  • recurrent right thoracic/lower rib region, right inferior scapular region
  • increased intensity following meals (fatty, greasy foods tend to worsen Sx)
  • at risk → obese women in 40s
  • associated Sx → nausea/heartburn, vomiting/diarrhea, difficulty swallowing, jaundiced, rectal bleeding/stool changes
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6
Q

referred lungs and associated structures pain

A
  • thoracic and chest regions
  • possibly cervical region/shoulders (pancost tumors)
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7
Q

referred pulmonary disease pain

A
  • rarely manifests purely as pain
  • infections, pleurisy, cancer
  • difficulty with respiration, cough
  • hoarseness, sore throat, wheezing
  • “I feel like my lungs are rubbing against something.”
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8
Q

5 D’s and 3 N’s

A
  • dizziness
  • diplopia (double vision)
  • dysphagia
  • dysarthria
  • drop attacks
  • nystagmus
  • nausea/vomiting
  • numbness/paresthesia
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9
Q

red flags symptomatic concerns (besides 5 D’s and 3 N’s)

A
  • headaches (headache + neuro Sx = stroke)
  • facial Sx
  • altered consciousness
  • quad/hemiparesis
  • gait/balance disturbances
  • multi-segmental weakness
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10
Q

compressive cervical myelopathy

A
  • more common in cervical region than thoracic region
  • any neurological deficits resulting from compression of spinal cord in cervical spine
  • gait and balance disturbances, generalized weakness (“I’m falling”)
  • may not be associated with any radiating pain (bilateral pain/numbness in arms and/or legs, may have local radicular involvement)
  • (+) signs of UMN involvement (Hoffman’s, Babinkski, hyper-reflexic DTRs, Clonus)
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