Upper Nerve Lesions

Question 1

Cause of Lesion of Axillary nerve

Answer 1

1) fracture of surgical neck of humerus

2) dislocated humeral head

Question 2

roots of axillary nerve

Answer 2

C5,C6

Question 3

altered cutaneous sensation with lesion of axillary nerve

Answer 3

over deltoid insertion

Question 4

weakness with lesion of axillary nerve

Answer 4

abduction at shoulder

Question 5

roots of radial nerve

Answer 5

C5,6,7,8

Question 6

where can you lesion your radial nerve?

Answer 6

1) spiral groove (lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus)
2) compressed in axilla by incorrect use of crutch
3) deep branch can be stretched by subluxation of radius
4) dislocated humeral head

Question 7

altered cutaneous sensation with lesion of radial nerve

Answer 7

over first dorsal interosseus, anatomic snuffbox

Question 8

weakness with lesion of radial nerve

Answer 8

extension at wrist
extension of all fingers at MCP joints
supination
thumb extension and abduction- extensor pollicis longus and brevis and abductor pollicis longus

Question 9

common sign of radial lesion

Answer 9

wrist drop

Question 10

roots of the median nerve

Answer 10

C6,C7,C8, T1

Question 11

cause of distal lesions of median nerve

Answer 11

carpal tunnel syndrome

dislocated lunate

Question 12

cause of proximal lesions of median nerve

Answer 12

fracture of supracondylar humerus

compression between the heads of the pronator teres–> pronator teres syndrome

Question 13

cause of lesion of recurrent branch of median nerve

Answer 13

lesioned by superficial laceration

Question 14

cause of lesion of anterior interosseus n.

Answer 14

compression in deep forearm
chronic radial head dislocation
mass in elbow
trauma overuse

Question 15

altered cutaneous sensation with distal lesion of median nerve

Answer 15

lateral 3.5 digits

Question 16

altered cutaneous sensation with proximal lesion of median nerve

Answer 16

lateral 3.5 digits, thenar eminence

Question 17

weakness with distal lesion of median nerve

Answer 17

opposition of thumb

Question 18

weakness with proximal lesion of median nerve

Answer 18

opposition of thumb
flexion at wrist
flexion of lateral fingers
flexion of thumb
pronation

Question 19

common sign of distal lesion of median nerve

Answer 19

ape hand

Question 20

common sign of proximal lesion of median nerve

Answer 20

ulnar deviation of wrist

hand of benediction- occurs when actively trying to make a fist

Question 21

roots of ulnar nerve

Answer 21

C8,T1

Question 22

cause of distal lesion of ulnar nerve

Answer 22

fracture of hook of hamate

lesioned by trauma to the heel of the hand

Question 23

cause of proximal lesion of ulnar nerve

Answer 23

fracture of or trauma at medial epicondyle of humerus

fracture of clavicle

Question 24

altered cutaneous sensation with distal lesion of ulnar nerve

Answer 24

none

Question 25

altered cutaneous sensation with proximal lesion of ulnar nerve

Answer 25

medial 1 1/2 digits | hypothenar eminence

Question 26

weakness with distal lesion of ulnar nerve

Answer 26

abduction and adduction of fingers adduction of thumb extension of fingers

Question 27

weakness with proximal lesion of ulnar nerve

Answer 27

``` abduction and adduction of fingers adduction of thumb extension of fingers flexion of medial fingers flexion at wrist ```

Question 28

common sign of distal lesion of ulnar nerve

Answer 28

claw hand

Question 29

common sign of proximal lesion of ulnar nerve

Answer 29

radial deviation of wrist

Question 30

roots of musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 30

C5,6,7

Question 31

cause of lesion to musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 31

trauma | upper trunk compression

Question 32

altered cutaneous sensation with lesion of musculocutaneous

Answer 32

lateral forearm

Question 33

weakness due to lesion of musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 33

flexion at elbox | supination

Question 34

roots of dorsal scapular n.

Answer 34

C5

Question 35

muscles innervated by dorsal scapular n.

Answer 35

levator scapulae and rhomboids

Question 36

roots of long thoracic nerve

Answer 36

C5,6,7

Question 37

muscles innervated by long thoracic nerve

Answer 37

serratus anterior

Question 38

roots of suprascapular n.

Answer 38

C5,6

Question 39

muscles innervated by suprascapular n.

Answer 39

supra, infra spinatus

Question 40

roots of nerve to subclavius

Answer 40

C5,6

Question 41

muscle innervated by roots of nerve to subclavius

Answer 41

subclavius

Question 42

roots of lateral pectoral n.

Answer 42

C5-7

Question 43

muscles innervated by lateral pectoral n.

Answer 43

pec major

Question 44

roots of upper subscapular n.

Answer 44

c5,6

Question 45

muscles innervated by upper subscapular n.

Answer 45

subscapularis

Question 46

roots of thoracodorsal n.

Answer 46

C6,7,8

Question 47

muscles innervated by thoracodorsal n.

Answer 47

lat dorsi

Question 48

roots of lower subscapular n.

Answer 48

C5,6

Question 49

muscles innervated by lower subscapular n.

Answer 49

subscapularis, teres major

Question 50

roots of medial pectoral n.

Answer 50

C8,T1

Question 51

muscles innervated by medial pectoral n.

Answer 51

pectoralis major, pectoralis minor

Question 52

roots of medial brachial cutaneous n.

Answer 52

C8

Question 53

muscles innervated by medial brachial cutaneous n.

Answer 53

none (skin)

Question 54

roots of medial antebrachial cutaneous n.

Answer 54

C8,T1

Question 55

muscles innervated by medial antebrachial cutaneous n.

Answer 55

none (skin)

Question 56

motor function of musculocutaneous n.

Answer 56

biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis

Question 57

cutaneous function of musculocutaneous

Answer 57

lateral antebranchial cutaneous

Question 58

motor function of median n.

Answer 58

forearm flexors and pronators (flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis) and pronator teres "2LOAF" in hand

Question 59

motor function of anterior interosseus n.

Answer 59

FPL- flexor pollicis longus FDP- flexor digitorum profundus (lateral half) PQ- pronator quadratus

Question 60

cutaneous innervation of median n.

Answer 60

1/2 of palmar hand (lateral 3.5 digits)

Question 61

what cords does median nerve come off of?

Answer 61

lateral and medial

Question 62

what artery does median nerve travel with?

Answer 62

brachial artery between brachialis and the biceps brachii

Question 63

what are the branches of the median nerve above the elbow?

Answer 63

NONE

Question 64

sensory innervation of anterior interosseus n.

Answer 64

none

Question 65

sign for isolated anterior interosseus nerve lesion

Answer 65

ok sign

Question 66

what muscle weakness will you have if have isolated ant. interosseus nerve lesion

Answer 66

weak pronation (pronator quadratus compromised but the pronator teres is still okay)

Question 67

3 cutaneous branches of the median nerve

Answer 67

1) palmar cutaneous branch 2) radial divisions 3) ulnar divisions

Question 68

palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve: where does it branch and what does it innervate?

Answer 68

- branches off median nerve roughly 3 cm proximal to the wrist - passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum - innervates skin of proximal radial palm - any median nerve lesion distal to this branch point leaves the palmar cutaneous branch intact! - for ex, this nerve branches off before it can be compressed in the carpal tunnel and is consequently unaffected by carpal tunnel syndrome