Upper limbs-Muscle innvervations, blood supply and actions (flip version)

Question 1

Trapezius

Answer 1

Accessory Nerve XI (C1-C5) and C3-C4 proprioception

Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

1. Rotate scapula during abduction of humerus above horizontal;
2. shrugs shoulder (self direct)

Question 2

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 2

Thoracodorsal Nerve (of brachial plexus C6, C7, C8)

Thoracodorsal artery

1. Extends humerus
2. Adducts humerus
3. Medially rotates humerus

Question 3

Levator Scapulae

Answer 3

C3, C4 anterior rami and Dorsal scapular nerve

Transverse Cervical artery

1. Elevate Scapula

Question 4

Rhomboid Major

Answer 4

Dorsal scapular nerve - C4 and C5

Dorsal scapular artery

1. Retract/adduct and elevate scapula; rotates medially = adduct (self direct)

Gray’s says “Retracts (adducts) and
elevates scapula”

Question 5

Rhomboid Minor

Answer 5

Dorsal scapular nerve - C4 and C5

Dorsal scapular artery

Retract/adduct and evelate scapula; rotates medially = adducts (self direct)

Gray’s says “Retracts (adducts) and
elevates scapula”

Question 6

Serratus Posterior Superior

Answer 6

Anterior rami of upper thoracic nerves (T2 - T5)

Intercostal arteries

Elevate ribs 2 - 5 (respiratory function)

Question 7

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Answer 7

Anterior rami of lower thoracic nerves (T9 - T12)

Intercostal arteries

Depress ribs 9 - 12, prevents lower ribs from being elevated when diaphram contracts (respiratory function)

Question 8

Serratus Anterior

Answer 8

LTN

Circumflex scapular

Protract Scapula, Rotate laterally (during Abduction), Depress Scapula

Question 9

Splenius Capitis

Answer 9

Posterior Rami of middle cervical nerves

muscular branches of aorta

Together: draw head back
Individual: rotate head to one side, lateral bend

Question 10

Splenius Cervicis

Answer 10

Posterior rami lower cervical nerves

Transverse and occipital artery

Together: draw head back
Individual: rotate head to one side, lateral bend

Question 11

Erector Spinae

Answer 11

Posterior branch of spinal nerve

Lateral Sacral Artery

Extensors of vertebral column and head; Bilaterally straighten back and pull head posteriorly; Unilaterally bend the vertebral column laterally and turn head

Question 12

Pectoralis Major

Answer 12

Medial pectoral nerve
Lateral pectoral nerve

Pectoral branch of the Thoracoacromial Trunk

Adduction, medial rotation, and flexion of the humerus

Question 13

Deltoid

Answer 13

Axillary nerve (C5,C6)

Posterior circumflex humeral artery
Deltoid branch of Thoracoacromial artery

Major abductor of the arm (To 90˚)

Question 14

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 14

Medial pectoral nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

Pectoral branch of the Thoracoacromial Trunk

Pulls tip of shoulder down, protracts scapula

Question 15

Serratus Anterior

Answer 15

Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Circumflex scapular artery

Protraction and rotation of scapula, keeps medial border & inferior angle of scapula opposed to thoracic wall

Question 16

Teres Major

Answer 16

Inferior subscapular nerve [C5, C6, C7]

Circumflex scapular artery

Adducts and medially rotates arm

Question 17

Teres Minor

Answer 17

Axillary nerve [C5, C6]

Circumflex scapular artery

Rotator cuff muscle; Lateral rotation of arm, adduction

Question 18

Supraspinatus

Answer 18

Suprascapular nerve [C5, C6]

Suprascapular artery

Rotator cuff muscle; initiation of abduction of arm to 15° at glenohumeral joint

Question 19

Infraspinatus

Answer 19

Suprascapular nerve [C5, C6]

Suprascapular artery

Rotator cuff muscle; lateral rotation of arm at the glenohumeral joint

Question 20

Subclavius

Answer 20

Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)

Thoracoacromial trunk, clavicular branch

Pulls clavicle medially to stabilize sternoclavicular joint

Question 21

Subscapularis

Answer 21

Upper and lower subscapular nerves [C5, C6, (C7)]

transverse cervical artery, subscapular artery

Rotator cuff muscle; medial rotation of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

Question 22

Coracobrachialis

Answer 22

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6, C7]

Brachial artery

Flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint; adducts arm

Question 23

Triceps brachii

Answer 23

Radial nerve

Deep brachial artery, aka profunda brachii artery

Extension of the forearm at elbow; long head - extension and adduction of arm at shoulder joint

Question 24

Coracobrachialis

Answer 24

Musculocutaneous nerve

Brachial artery

Flexion of arm at shoulder

Question 25

Biceps brachii

Answer 25

Musculocutaneous nerve Brachial artery Flexion of forearm at elbow and supinator of forearm

Question 26

Brachialis

Answer 26

Musculocutaneous nerve Brachial artery Flexion of forearm at elbow

Question 27

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 27

Ulnar nerve Ulnar artery (muscular branches) Flexes and adducts wrist joint

Question 28

Palmaris longus

Answer 28

Median nerve Ulnar artery Flexes wrist join

Question 29

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 29

Median nerve Ulnar artery Flexes and abducts wrist joint

Question 30

Pronator teres

Answer 30

Median nerve Ulnar and radial arteries Pronation

Question 31

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 31

Median nerve Ulnar artery Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers (not thumb); flexes wrist

Question 32

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 32

Lateral half: median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve); Medial half: ulnar nerve Ulnar and anterior interosseous arteries Flexes distal interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers (not thumb); flexes wrist

Question 33

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 33

Median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve) Anterior interosseous artery Flexes interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb

Question 34

Pronator quadratus

Answer 34

Median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve) Anterior interosseous artery Pronation

Question 35

Brachioradialis

Answer 35

Radial nerve Radial recurrent artery Flexor of elbow when arm is mid-pronated

Question 36

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 36

Radial nerve Radial artery Extends and abducts wrist

Question 37

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Answer 37

Deep branch of radial nerve Radial artery Extends and abducts wrist

Question 38

Extensor digitorum

Answer 38

Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch or radial n.) Interosseous recurrent and posterior interosseous arteries Extends fingers (not thumb) and wrist

Question 39

Extensor digiti minimi

Answer 39

Posterior interosseous nerve Interosseous recurrent artery Extends little finger, and wrist

Question 40

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 40

Posterior interosseous nerve Ulnar artery Extends and adducts wrist

Question 41

Anconeus

Answer 41

Radial nerve Middle collateral branch of deep brachial artery, recurrent interosseous artery Abduction of ulna in pronation

Question 42

Supinator

Answer 42

Posterior interosseous nerve Recurrent interosseous artery Supination

Question 43

Abductor pollicis longus

Answer 43

Posterior interosseous nerve Posterior interosseous artery Abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Question 44

Extensor pollicus brevis

Answer 44

Posterior interosseous nerve Posterior interosseous artery Extends metacarpophalageal and carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Question 45

Extensor pollicus longus

Answer 45

Posterior interosseous nerve Posterior interosseous artery Extends interphalangeal joint of thumb and the other two joints of thumb

Question 46

Extensor indicis

Answer 46

Posterior interosseous nerve Posterior interosseous artery Extends index finger