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Anatomy of the Limbs > Upper limbs > Flashcards

Upper limbs Flashcards

1
Q

For the Muscle: Abductor digiti minimi

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Abductor digiti minimi

Origin: Pisiform bone and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

Insertion: medial side of proximal phalynx of 5th digit

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main actions: Abducts 5th digit

Blood supply: Deep palmar branch of ulnar artery

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2
Q

For the Muscle: Abductor pollicis brevis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Abductor pollicis brevis:

Origin: Flexor retinaculum, tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

Insertion: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Innervation: Median Nerve

Main actions: Abducts thumb

Blood supply: Superficial palmar branch of radial artery

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3
Q

For the Muscle: Abductor pollicis longus

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Abductor pollicis longus

Origin: Posterior surface of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal

Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)

Main actions: Abducts and extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint

Blood supply: Posterior interosseous artery

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4
Q

For the Muscle: Adductor pollicis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Adductor pollicis:

Origin: Oblique head: bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals and capitate and adjacent bones
Transverse head: anterior surface of 3rd metacarpal

Insertion: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Innervation: Ulnar nerve (deep branch

Main actions: Adducts thumb

Blood supply: Deep palmar arch

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5
Q

For the Muscle: Anconeus

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Anconeus:

Origin: Posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Lateral surface of olecranon and posterior proximal ulna

Innervation: Radial nerve (C5–T1)

Main actions: Assists triceps in extending elbow, abducts ulna in pronation

Blood supply: Deep brachial artery

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6
Q

For the Muscle: Biceps brachii

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Biceps brachii:

Origin: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula

Insertion: Radial tuberosity, fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6)

Main actions: Flexes and supinates forearm at elbow

Blood supply: Muscular branches of brachial artery

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7
Q

For the Muscle: Brachialis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Brachialis

Origin: Distal half of anterior surface of humerus

Insertion: Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve and radial nerve (C7)

Main actions: Flexes forearm at elbow

Blood supply: Radial recurrent artery, muscular branches of brachial artery

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8
Q

For the Muscle: Brachioradialis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Brachioradialis:

Origin: Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion: Lateral side of distal end of radius

Innervation: Radial nerve

Main actions: Weak flexion of forearm when forearm is midpronated

Blood supply: Radial recurrent artery

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9
Q

For the Muscle: Brachioradialis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Brachioradialis:

Origin: Tip of coracoid process of scapula

Insertion: Middle third of medial surface of humerus

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve

Main actions: Flexes and adducts arm at shoulder

Blood supply: Muscular branches of brachial artery

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10
Q

For the Muscle: Deltoid

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Deltoid:

Origin: Lateral third of anterior clavicle, lateral acromion, inferior edge of spine of scapula

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Innervation: Axillary nerve

Main actions: Clavicular part: flexes and medially rotates arm
Acromial part: abducts arm beyond initial 15 degrees done by supraspinatus
Spinal part: extends and laterally rotates arm

Blood supply: Posterior circumflex humeral artery, deltoid branch of thoraco-acromial artery

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11
Q

For the Muscle: Dorsal interosseous muscles

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Dorsal interosseous muscles:

Origin: Adjacent sides of two metacarpal bones

Insertion: Base of proximal phalanges, extensor expansion of digits 2–4

Innervation: Ulnar nerve (deep branch)

Main actions: Abduct digits from axial line of hand (3rd digit); flex digits at metacarpophalangeal joint and extend interphalangeal joints

Blood supply: Deep palmar arch

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12
Q

For the Muscle: Extensor carpi radialis brevis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis:

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal and slip to 2nd metacarpal

Innervation: Radial nerve (deep branch)

Main actions: Extends and abducts hand at wrist

Blood supply: Radial artery, radial recurrent artery

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13
Q

For the Muscle: Extensor carpi radialis longus

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus:

Origin: Distal third of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion: Dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal and slip to 3rd metacarpal

Innervation: Radial nerve

Main actions: Extends and abducts hand at wrist

Blood supply: Radial artery, radial recurrent artery

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14
Q

For the Muscle: Extensor carpi ulnaris

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris:

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna

Insertion: Dorsal base of 5th metacarpal

Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)

Main actions: Extends and adducts hand at wrist

Blood supply: Posterior interosseous artery

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15
Q

For the Muscle: Extensor digiti minimi

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Extensor digiti minimi:

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Extensor expansion of 5th digit

Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous

Main actions: Extends 5th digit

Blood supply: Posterior interosseous artery

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16
Q

For the Muscle: Extensor digitorum

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Extensor digitorum:

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Extensor expansions of medial four digits

Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)

Main actions: Extends medial four digits, assists in wrist extension

Blood supply: Posterior interosseous artery

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17
Q

For the Muscle: Extensor indicis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Extensor indicis:

Origin: Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit

Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)

Main actions: Extends 2nd digit and helps extend hand at wrist

Blood supply: Posterior interosseous artery

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18
Q

For the Muscle: Extensor pollicis brevis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Extensor pollicis brevis:

Origin: Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Dorsal base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)

Main actions: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at carpometacarpal joint

Blood supply: Posterior interosseous artery

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19
Q

For the Muscle: Extensor pollicis longus

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Extensor pollicis longus:

Origin: Posterior surface of middle third of ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Dorsal base of distal phalanx of thumb

Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)

Main actions: Extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints

Blood supply: Posterior interosseous artery

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20
Q

For the Muscle: Flexor carpi radialis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Flexor carpi radialis:

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal

Innervation: Median nerve

Main actions: Flexes and abducts hand at wrist

Blood supply: Radial artery

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21
Q

For the Muscle: Flexor carpi ulnaris

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris:

Origin: Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna

Insertion: Pisiform bone, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Main actions: Flexes and adducts hand at wrist

Blood supply: Posterior ulnar recurrent artery

22
Q

For the Muscle: Flexor digiti minimi brevis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Flexor digiti minimi brevis:

Origin: Flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate bone

Insertion: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger

Innervation: Ulnar nerve (deep branch)

Main actions: Flexes proximal phalanx of little finger

Blood supply: Deep palmar branch of ulnar artery

23
Q

For the Muscle: Flexor digitorum profundus

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Flexor digitorum profundus:

Origin: Medial and anterior surface of proximal 3/4 of ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: Palmar base of distal phalanges of medial four digits

Innervation: Medial part: ulnar nerve
Lateral part: median nerve

Main actions: Flexes distal phalanges of medial four digits, assists with flexion of hand at wrist

Blood supply: Anterior interosseous artery, muscular branches of ulnar artery

24
Q

For the Muscle: Flexor digitorum superficialis

List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis:

Origin: Humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
Radial head: superior half of anterior radius

Insertion: Bodies of middle phalanges of medial four digits

Innervation: Median nerve

Main actions: Flexes middle and proximal phalanges of medial four digits, flexes hand at wrist

Blood supply: Ulnar and radial arteries

25
For the Muscle: **Flexor pollicis brevis** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Flexor pollicis brevis:** Origin: Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium Insertion: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb Innervation: Median nerve (recurrent branch) Main actions: Flexes proximal phalanx of thumb Blood supply: Superficial palmar branch of radial artery
26
For the Muscle: **Flexor pollicis longus** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Flexor pollicis longus:** Origin: Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane Insertion: Palmar base of distal phalanx of thumb Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseous) Main actions: Flexes phalanges of thumb Blood supply: Anterior interosseous artery
27
For the Muscle: **Infraspinatus** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Infraspinatus** Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula and deep fascia Insertion: Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: Suprascapular nerve Main actions: Lateral rotation of arm (with teres minor) Blood supply: Suprascapular artery
28
For the Muscle: **Latissimus dorsi** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Latissimus dorsi:** Origin: Spinous processes of T7–L5 vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, last 3 ribs Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve Main actions: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus at shoulder Blood supply: Thoracodorsal artery, dorsal perforating branches of 9th, 10th, and 11th posterior intercostal, subcostal, and first three lumbar arteries
29
For the Muscle: **Levator scapulae** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Levator scapulae:** ## Footnote Origin: Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1–C4 Insertion: Medial border of scapula from superior angle to spine Innervation: Ventral rami of C3– C4 and dorsal scapular nerve Main actions: Elevates scapula medially, inferiorly rotates glenoid cavity Blood supply: Dorsal scapular artery, transverse cervical artery, ascending cervical artery
30
For the Muscle: **Lumbrical, first and second** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Lumbrical, first and second:** Origin: Lateral two tendons of flexor digitorum profundus Insertion: Lateral sides of extensor expansion of digits 2 and 3 Innervation: Median nerve (digital branches) Main actions: Extend digits at interphalangeal joints, flex metacarpophalangeal joints Blood supply: Superficial and deep palmar arches
31
For the Muscle: **Lumbrical, third and fourth** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Lumbrical, third and fourth:** Origin: Medial three tendons of flexor digitorum profundus Insertion: Lateral sides of extensor expansion of digits 4 and 5 Innervation: Ulnar nerve (deep branch) Main actions: Extend digits at interphalangeal joints, flex metacarpophalangeal joints Blood supply: Superficial and deep palmar arches
32
For the Muscle: **Opponens digiti minimi** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Opponens digiti minimi:** Origin: Flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate bone Insertion: Palmar surface of 5th metacarpal Innervation: Ulnar nerve (deep branch) Main actions: Draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it to face thumb Blood supply:Deep palmar branch of ulnar artery
33
For the Muscle: **Opponens pollicis** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Opponens pollicis:** Origin: Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium Insertion: Lateral side of 1st metacarpal Innervation: Median nerve (recurrent branch) Main actions: Draws 1st metacarpal forward and rotates it medially Blood supply: Superficial palmar branch of radial artery
34
For the Muscle: **Palmar interosseous muscles** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Palmar interosseous muscles:** Origin: Sides of metacarpals 2, 4, and 5 Insertion: Bases of proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of digits 2, 4, and 5 Innervation: Ulnar nerve (deep branch) Main actions: Adducts digits toward axial line of hand (3rd digit); flexes digits at metacarpophalngeal joint and extends interphalangeal joints Blood supply: Deep palmar arch
35
For the Muscle: **Palmaris brevis** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Palmaris brevis:** Origin: Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum Insertion: Skin of medial border of palm Innervation: Superficial palmar branch of ulnar nerve Main actions: Deepens hollow of hand, assists grip Blood supply: Superficial palmar arch
36
For the Muscle: **Palmaris longus** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Palmaris longus:** Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Distal half of flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis Innervation: Median nerve Main actions: Flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis Blood supply: Posterior ulnar recurrent artery
37
For the Muscle: **Pectoralis major** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Pectoralis major:** Origin: Sternal half of clavicle, sternum to 7th rib, cartilages of true ribs, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle Insertion: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves Main actions: Flexes and adducts arm, rotates arm medially Blood supply: Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery, perforating branches of internal thoracic artery
38
For the Muscle: **Pectoralis minor** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Pectoralis minor:** ## Footnote Origin: Outer surface of upper margin of ribs 3–5 Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve Main actions: Lowers lateral angle of scapula and protracts scapula Blood supply: Pectoral branch of thoraco-acromial and intercostal lateral thoracic arteries
39
For the Muscle: **Pronator quadratus** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Pronator quadratus:** Origin: Distal fourth of anterior ulna Insertion: Distal fourth of anterior radius Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseous) Main actions: Pronates forearm Blood supply: Anterior interosseous artery
40
For the Muscle: **Pronator teres** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Pronator teres:** Origin: Two heads: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna Insertion: Midway along lateral surface of radius Innervation: Median nerve Main actions: Pronates forearm and assists with elbow flexion Blood supply: Anterior ulnar recurrent artery
41
For the Muscle: **Rhomboid major** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Rhomboid major:** Origin: Spinous processes of T2–T5 vertebrae Insertion: Medial border of scapula below base of spine of scapula Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve Main actions: Fixes scapula to thoracic wall and retracts and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity Blood supply: Dorsal scapular OR deep branch of transverse cervical artery, dorsal perforating branches of the upper five or six posterior intercostal arteries artery
42
For the Muscle: **Rhomboid minor** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Rhomboid minor:** Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7 and T1 vertebrae Insertion: Medial border of scapula at spine of scapula Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve Main actions: Fixes scapula to thoracic wall and retracts and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity Blood supply: Dorsal scapular artery OR deep branch of transverse cervical artery, dorsal perforating branches of the upper five or six posterior intercostal arteries
43
For the Muscle: **Serratus anterior** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Serratus anterior:** Origin: Lateral surfaces of upper 8–9 ribs Insertion: Costal surface of medial border of scapula Innervation: Long thoracic nerve Main actions: Protracts and rotates scapula and holds it against thoracic wall Blood supply: Lateral thoracic artery
44
For the Muscle: **Subclavius** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Subclavius:** Origin: Upper border of 1st rib and its cartilage Insertion: Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle Innervation: Nerve to subclavius Main actions: Anchors and depresses clavicle Blood supply: Clavicular branch of thoracoacromial artery
45
For the Muscle: **Subscapularis** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Subscapularis:** Origin: Subscapular fossa Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves Main actions: Medially rotates arm at shoulder and adducts it, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity Blood supply: Subscapular artery, lateral thoracic artery
46
For the Muscle: **Supinator** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Supinator:** Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, supinator crest of ulna Insertion: Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius Innervation: Radial nerve (deep branch) Main actions: Supinates forearm Blood supply: Radial recurrent artery, posterior interosseous arteries
47
For the Muscle: **Supraspinatus** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Supraspinatus:** Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula and deep fascia Insertion: Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: Suprascapular nerve Main actions: Initiates arm abduction, acts with rotator cuff muscles Blood supply: Suprascapular artery
48
For the Muscle: **Teres major** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Teres major:** Origin: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve Main actions: Adducts and medially rotates arm Blood supply: Circumflex scapular artery
49
For the Muscle: **Teres minor** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Teres minor:** Origin: Upper 2/3 of posterior surface of lateral border of scapula Insertion: Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: Axillary nerve Main actions: Laterally rotates arm Blood supply: Circumflex scapular artery
50
For the Muscle: **Trapezius** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Trapezius:** Origin: Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7–T12 Insertion: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula Innervation: Accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI) Main actions: Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula; lower fibers depress scapula Blood supply: Transverse cervical artery, dorsal perforating branches of posterior intercostal arteries
51
For the Muscle: **Triceps brachii** List: Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Main Actions and Blood supply
**Triceps brachii:** Origin: Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: upper half of posterior humerus Medial head: distal 2/3 of medial and posterior humerus Insertion: Posterior surface of olecranon process of ulna Innervation: Radial nerve Main actions: Extends forearm at elbow; long head stabilizes head of abducted humerus and extends and adducts arm at shoulder Blood supply: Branch of profunda brachii artery

Anatomy of the Limbs (1 decks)

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