Upper limbs Flashcards
Clavicle has——ends——surfaces—-borders
2 ends ( acromial end lateral-sterna’s end medial)
2 surfaces superior and inferior
2borders
What is the Bone structure of the inferior surface of clavicle
*acromial facet
*sternal articulation facet
* trapezoid line
*conoid tubercle
*groove for subclavian muscle
Why superior surface of clavicle is smoother than the inferior surface?
Because it doesn’t have articulation points
Which part of clavicle is concave and which is convex?
Lateral 1/3 is concave and medial 2/3 is convex
Why clavicle is important? Where is the most common fracture ?why?
1- because different structures pass through it (behind clavicle) like nerves ,veins , arteries and 2- the end of the 1/3 part laterally is the most common place for fracture
3- لانها نقطة تحول بالعضمة من concave ل convex بالاضافة لان خلفها اكو structures
Mention the ligament attachment of clavicle
Only in inferior surface
1- costoclavicular ligament
2-coracoclavicular ligament :
trapezoid ligament +conoid ligament
Muscle insertions in clavicle
Sup. Surface: trapezius muscle
Inf. surface : subclavian muscle
Name the Muscle origin on superior part of clavicle
1- deltoid muscle
2-pectorals major muscle
3-sternocleidomastoid muscle
Name muscle origin on the inferior surface of clavicle
1- deltoid muscle
2- pectoralis major muscle
3- sternohyoid muscle
Between which ribs we can find scapula?
Between 2nd /7th ribs
How many surfaces in scapula
2 anterior and posterior
How many borders in scapula ?
3 superior,lateral,medial
How many angles in scapula?
3 superior, lateral and inferior
What are the processes in scapula
Acromion,coracoid,spin of scapula
What is the origin of acromion and what what it articulates with?
It extends from spin of scapula and its end is facet of clavicle
Name the regions of spin of scapula
Crest of spin , angle of spin and acromion
What spin of scapula divide the scapula into ?
Supraspinous fossa and infraspinous fossa
How many tubercles on scapula?
3
Infraglenoid tubericle (latera)
Supraglenoid tubericle (lateral )
Deltoid tubericle (posterior on the spin of scapula)
What is glenoid cavity ?
Cavity found on the lateral side of scapula and it’s site of articulation with humerous and it has two tubericles , supraglenoid tubericle and infraglenoid tubericle
What the anterior part of scapula is called?
Supscapular fossa
What bone structures found on posterior surface of scapula ?
.Groove for circumflex scapular vessels
.spin of scapula and it’s divisions
What is the passage for the suprascapular nerve
Is supraspinous notch or superior scapular
Where is the location of scapula neck
Close to glenoid cavity
Name the superficial muscles in scapula
Trapezius muscle
Deltoid muscle
Name the deep muscles on scapula
1- triceps branchii muscle (long head)
2-subscapularis muscle
3- omohyoid muscle
4- biceps branchii muscle(long and short head)
5- coracobranchialis muscle
6-supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles
7- teres minor and major muscles
8- latissimus Dorsi
9-serrated anterior muscle
10- pectoralis minor muscle
11- legatos scapular muscle
12- rhomboid minor and major muscle
16 muscles
Name the anterior muscles of scapula
1- Deltoid muscle
2-triceps brachii muscle(long head)
3-subscapularis muscle
4-omohyoid muscle
5-biceps branching muscle (long head)
6-biceps branching muscle (short head)
7-coracobrachialis muscle(short head)
8-Trapezius muscle
9-serrated anterior muscle
10-pectoralis minor muscle
Name the posterior muscles of scapula
1-Deltoid muscle
2-triceps branchii muscle (long head)
3- supraspinatus muscle
4- infraspinatus muscle
5- teres minor muscle
6-teres major muscle
7-latissimus Dorsi (small slip of origin)
8-trapezius muscle
9-levator scapula muscle
10- Rhomboid minor muscle
11-Rhomboid major muscle
Mention the origin muscles of scapula
1- Deltoid muscle
2-triceps brachii muscle(long head)
3-subscapularis muscle
4-omohyoid muscle
5-biceps branching muscle (longead)
6-biceps branching muscle (short head)
7-coracobrachialis muscle(short head)
8-supraspinatus muscle
9- infraspinatus muscle
10- teres minor muscle
11-teres major muscle
12-latissimus Dorsi (small slip of origin)
Mention the insertion muscles of scapula
1-Trapezius muscle
2-serrated anterior muscle
3-pectoralis minor muscle
4-levator scapula muscle
5-Rhomboid minor muscle
6-Rhomboid major muscle
What are the anterior origin muscles of scapula ?
1- Deltoid muscle
2-triceps brachii muscle(long head)
3-subscapularis muscle
4-omohyoid muscle
5-biceps branching muscle (long head)
6-biceps branching muscle (short head)
7-coracobrachialis muscle(short head)
Name the posterior origin muscles in scapula
1-Deltoid muscle
2-triceps branchii muscle (long head)
3- supraspinatus muscle
4- infraspinatus muscle
5- teres minor muscle
6-teres major muscle
7- latissimus Dorsi (small slip of origin)
Name the anterior insertions of the scapula
1-Trapezius muscle
2-serrated anterior muscle
3-pectoralis minor muscle
Name the posterior insertions of scapula
1-trapezius muscle
2-levator scapula muscle
3- Rhomboid minor muscle
4-Rhomboid major muscle
Name all the ligaments in scapula
1-coracohumeral ligament
2-coracocromial ligament
3-coracoglenoid ligament
4- transverse scapular ligament
5- coracoclavicular ligament
Name the surface structures of the proximal end of humerus
1- head
2- anatomical neck
3- surgical neck
4- greater tubercle
5- lesser tubercle
6- Bicipital groove or intertubercular sulcus
Talk about the head of humerus
It’s rounded , ball like structure and articulates with the glenoid cavity of scapula to form the shoulder joint
Where is the greater and lesser tubericle of humerus located ?
Greater tubericle is found on lateral side
Lesser tubericle found on anterior side
Surface structures of the shaft of humerus and their locations
Deltoid tuberosity -lateral mid shaft
And
Radial or spiral groove
On posterior aspect of humours
Pathway for radial nerve
What is bicipital groove
👉It’s between greater and lesser tubericle
What are the muscles that attach to Bicipital groove Or intertubercular sulcus
Pectoralis Major Muscle
the long head of biceps tendon
Which structure pass through the bicipital groove Or intertubercular sulcus
the long head of biceps tendon
Mentions muscles attach to greater tuberosity and to which part of it they’re attached
1- Suprapinatus muscle👉
(Upper part)
2- Infrapinatus muscle👉
(Posterior part)
3- Teres Minor muscle 👉
(Postero-inferior part)
Which muscle attach to lesser tuberosity
subscapularis muscle
What is the origin of Teres Minor muscle ?
Upper part of
lateral border
of scapula
What is the origin of subscapularis muscle
Whole of ventral surface of scapula
Which muscle’s function is abducting the arm ?
Suprapinatus muscle
Which muscles cause externally rotates the arm ?
Infrapinatus muscle
Teres Minor muscle
Which muscle adducts and rotates the arm internally ?
subscapularis muscle
What is the origin of the long head of biceps tendon ?
Superior rim of the
glenoid of scapula
Name all bone structures in distal end of humerus
Capitulum,trochlea,meadial and lateral epicondyle, olecranon fossa,coronoid fossa,radial fossa
Name muscles attach to flexor origin or medial epicondyle
pronator teres
.flexor carpi radialis
.palmaris longus
.flexor digitorum superficialis
.flexor carpi ulnaris
Name muscle attached to extensor origin or lateral epicondyle
extensor carpi radialis brevis
.extensor digitorum
.extensor digiti minimi
.extensor carpi ulnaris muscles
Capitulum location and articulation
Found on lateral side and articulate with head of radius at elbow joint
Olecranon fossa location and articulation and which action
Is a depression on the posterior surface
It accommodates the olecranion process of unla during extension of forearm
Trochlea location and articulation
On medial side to Capitulum and articulate with Trochlea notch of ulna at elbow joint
Coronoid fossa location and articulation and which action
Depression on anterior surface
Accommodate coronoid process of ulna during flexion of forearm
Radial fossa location and aticulation and action
Depression on the anterior and lateral surface
Accommodate the head of radius during flexion of the forearm
Name general innervations of the humerus
Axillary nerve
Radial nerve
Ulnar nerve
Name the anterior origin of the humerus
1- brachialis muscle
2- flexor group
3- extensor group
4- brachioradialis muscle
5- pronator teres muscle
(superficial group )
6- extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
Name the posterior origin of the humerus
1- branchialis muscle
2- common flexor tendon
3-common extensor tendon
4- triceps branchii muscle (lateral head)
5- triceps branchii muscle (medial head)
6- Anconeus muscle
Name the anterior insertions of the humerus
1- supraspinatus muscle
2-deltoid muscle
3-pectoralis major muscle
4-latissmus dorsi muscle
5-teres major muscle
6- suprascapularis muscle
7- coracobrachialis muscle
Name the posterior insertions of the humerus
1- supraspinatus muscle
2- deltoid muscle
3- infraspinatus muscle
4- teres minor muscle
5-triceps branchii muscle
