Upper Limb: Trauma Xray Flashcards
How does a clavicle fracture usually displace?
Inferior displacement of the distal component as it is weighed down by the whole arm
What is this showing?
ACJ disruption.
The inferior surfaces of the clavicle and acromion are not aligned.
This indicates disruption of the acromioclavicular ligament.
*the coracoclavicular distance is also wide, indicating coracoclavicular ligament injury
The ‘shoulder joint’ is more accurately termed the
‘Glenohumeral joint’
Therefore ‘shoulder dislocation’ is actually a term used loosely to indicate…
Dislocation of the head of humerus from the glenoid of the scapula
Is anterior or posterior dislocation of the shoulder more common?
Anterior: usually associate with arm abducted and in external rotation (TRAUMA)
Posterior are ass with electric shock and epileptic seizures
Bony Bankart fracture?
injury to the glenoid cartilage as a result of shoulder dislocation.
this is a ‘bankart lesion’ and is not visible on xray.
A ‘bony bankart’ is when there is visible injury to the bony glenoid.
The commonest site of humerus fracture?
The surgical neck of the humerus.
A fracture line may extend into the humerus head with seperation of the tuburcles.
Fractures of the humeral shaft are commonly associated with _____
pathological lesions.
Image shows a lytic lesion of the humeral shaft
How to remember the order of elbow ossification centre development in Children?
C- Capitulum
R- Radial Head
I- Internal epicondyle (or medial)
T- Trochlea
O- Olecranon
L- Lateral (or external) epicondyle
these centres of ossification become visible from 6mths-12yrs to fuse the humerus, radius or ulna
Where should the anterior humerus line pass through on a lateral xray?
a line should pass down through the capitulum with at least 1/3 of capitulum seen anterior to it
Where should the Radiocapitellar line pass through on a lateral xray?
through the centre of the capitulum
“Raised Fat Pad Sign”
if..
Anterior fat pad: is raised away from the humerus
Posterior fat pad: is visible between triceps and posterior humerus
this indicates a joint effusion
could be due to a haemarthrosis or inflammation
Name the wrist bones of the hand.
Which of these is the most commonly fractured?
The scaphoid bone is the most commonly fractured
(patient will have pain in the ‘anatomical snuff box’)
Consequences of not treating a scaphoid fracture?
- High risk of non-union
- +/- AVN of the proximal fracture component
- If suspected fracture is not visible on xray, MRI may be required.
_____ . fractures of the wrist can only be seen on lateral view
Triquetrum Fractures
What does this show?
Schapho lunate widening indicating a tear injury of that ligament
