Upper Limb Revision Flashcards
How many muscles are in the pectoral region
4
How many muscles are in the shoulder region
11
How many muscles are in the arm, forearm, Hand
4,20,17
Classify the muscles of the hand
Intrinsic muscles, interrosei
What’s the most superficial muscle in the pectoral region
Pectoralis major
What forms part of the anterior wall of the axilla region
Pectoralis major and minor
Origin and insertion of pectoralis major
Origin;Clavicle, sternocostal head
Insertion;Intertubercular groove of humerus
What muscle offers minor protection to underlying Neuro vascular structures
Subclavius
What are the actions of trapezius muscle
Upper fiber, middle, lower fibers
What’s the innervation to the trapezius
Accessory nerve, proprioceptive fibers from C3 and C4 spinal nerves
What group of muscle is also known as scapulohumeral group
Intrinsic shoulder muscle
What are the actions of latissimus dorsi?
Extends, adducts and medially rotates the upper limb
What’s the innervation to the deep extrinsic muscles of the shoulder region
Dorsal scapular nerve
What are the four areas of origin of the Latissimus Dorsi
Spinous process T6-T12
Iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia
Inferior three ribs
Origin and insertion of trapezius muscle
Skull, nuchal ligament, spinous process.
Clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
What muscle forms the inferior border of the quadrangular space
Teres Major
Quadrangular space is the gap that the ——————— and ———————- pass through to reach the ———————
Axillary artery, posterior circumfex humeral artery, posterior scapular
Origin of biceps brachii
Coracoid process of scapular
Supraglenoid is tubercle of scapular
What muscle is a weak adductor
Coracobrachialis
The biceps tendon reflex tests what spinal cord segment
C6
What muscle of the arm is located more distally than the other muscles of the arm
Brachialis
Origin of Triceps brachii
Infraglenoid tubercle, humerus(superior and inferior to the radial groove)
A tap on the triceps tendon tests what spinal segments
C7
What muscle is the principal supinator of the elbow joint?
Biceps brachii
Brachial pulse can be palpated immediately medial to what?
Biceps tendon
Where does Levantine scapulae originate from and insert into
Innervation
Action
C1-C4 inserts into the medial border of the scapular
Dorsal scapular
Elevates the scapular
What is the action of Latissimus dorsi
Extends, adducts, medially rotates
Origin, insertion, nerve supply, action of rhomboid major and minor
Major
T2-T5 inserts into medial aspect of the scapular between the inferior angle and spine
Dorsal scapular
Retracts and rotates scapular
Minor
T1-T2 inserts into the medial aspect of the scapular at the level of the spine of the scapular
Action and nerve supply is same as major
Intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the shoulder have other names what are they?
Intrinsic-Scapulohumeral
Extrinsic-superficial back muscles
Intrinsic muscles of the shoulder are said to originate from where and insert where?
Origin;Scapular and or clavicle
Insert:Humerus
Extrinsic muscles of the shoulder are said to originate from where and insert into where?
Origin:Trunk
Insertion:Humerus, scapular, clavicle
What is the quadrangular space and what forms it’s inferior border
It is the gap that the axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery pass through to reach the posterior scapular region
The teres major forms it’s inferior border
Origin and insertion of deltiod
Innervation
Action
Originates from the scapular and clavicle inserts into the deltoid tuberosity on the lateral surface of the humerus
Axillary artery
Action:Anterior fibers, Flexion and medial rotation
Posterior fibers, Extension and lateral rotation
Middle fibers:Main abductors of the arm take over from supraspinatus after abducting 15 degrees
Teres major origin, insertion, innervation, action
Posterior aspect of the inferior angle of scapular and inserts into the medial lip of the Intertubercular groove of humerus
Lower subscapular nerve
Adduct at the shoulder and medially rotates the arm
Origin and insertion of Supraspinatus
Innervation
Action
Supraspinous fossa inserts into greater tubercle of humerus
Suprascapular nerve
Abducts arm 0-15 degrees
Origin, insertion, action, innervation
Infraspinous fossa, greater tubercle of humerus
Laterally rotates arm
Suprascapular nerve
Origin, insertion, action, innervation of subscapularis
Subscapular fossa, lesser tubercle of humerus, medially rotates the arm, lower and upper subscapular nerve
Origin, insertion, innervation, action of teres minor
Posterior surface of scapular, adjacent to its lateral border
Insertion;Greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation:Axillary nerve
Actions:Laterallly rotates the arm
