Upper limb muscles OSPE Flashcards
For each label - identify the:
Origin
Insertion
Action
Innervation
yes alak
1
Trapezius
Origin - doubt need to know
Insertion - Lateral 1/3rd clavicle, Spine of scapula & acromion process
Action:
- Upper fibres - elevate scapula
- Middle - retract scapula
- Lower - depress scapula
Innervation - Accessory nerve (CNXI)
2
Rhomboid minor
- Origin - Spinous process C7 & T1
- Insertion - Medial end spine of scapula
- Action - Retraction, elevation, IR of scapula
- Innervation - Dorsal scapular nerve
3
Rhomboid major
- Origin - Spinous process T2-5
- Insertion - Medial border scapula, inferior to SoS
- Action - Retraction, elevation, internal rotation scapula
- Innervation - Dorsal scapular nerve
Action & innervation same as Rhomboid minor
4
Latissimus dorsi
- Origin - sp T7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, bottom 3/4 ribs & iliac crest
- Insertion - Intertuburcular sulcus of humerus
- Action - Extension, adduction & Internal rotation of humerus
- Innervation - Thoracodorsal nerve
5
Levator scapulae
- Origin - Transverse procress C1-4
- Insertion - Upper medial border scapula
- Action - lol
- Innervation - Dorsal scapular nerve + C3-4
Dorsal scap nerve –> rhomboids & levator scapulae
1
Trapezius
- Insertion - Lateral 1/3rd clavicle, spine of scapula & acromion
- Action - Upper fibres elevate, lower depress & middle (plus combine contraction) = retraction
- Innervation - Accessory nerve CNXI
2
Latissimus dorsi
- Origin - sp T7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest + some ribs
- Insertion - Intertuburcular sulcus humerus
- Action - Extension, adduction & internal rotation at shoulder joint
- Innervation - thoracodorsal nerve
3
Teres major
- Origin - Inferior angle of scapula + Inferior part of lateral border
- Insertion - Medial lip of intertuburcular sulcus
- Action - Adduction + internal rotation of shoulder
- Innervation - Lower subscapular nerve
4
Deltoid
- Origin - Lateral 1/3rd clavicle, acromion & spine of scapula
- Insertion - deltoid tubercle of humerus
- Action
- Anterior fibres - flexion & internal rotation
- Middle - abduction (>15*)
- Posterior - extension & external rotation
- Innervation - Axillary nerve
1
Supraspinatus
- Origin - Supraspinous fossa
- Insertion - Greater tubercle of humerus
- Action - Initiates abduction (up to 15*)
- Innervation - Suprascapular nerve
2
Infraspinatus
- Origin - infraspinous fossa
- Insertion - greater tubercle humerus
- Action - External rotation shoulder
- Innervation - Suprascapular nerve
3 & 4
Teres minor (3)
- Origin - Middle part of lateral border of scapula
- Insertion - Greater tubercle humerus
- Action - External rotation
- Innervation - Axillary nerve
Teres major (4)
- Origin - Inferior angle scapula + inferior part of lateral border of scapula
- Insertion - medial lip of intertubercular sulcus humerus
- Action - Internal rotation + adduction
- Innervation - lower subscapular nerve
5
Triceps brachii
Origin:
- Long head - infraglenoid tubercle
- Lateral head - shaft of humerus, superior to radial groove
- Medial head - shaft of humerus, inferior to radial groove
Insertion - Olecranon process of Ulna
Action - extension of elbow
Innervation - Radial nerve
6
Anconeus
- Origin - lateral epicondyle humerus
- Insertion - lateral surface olecranon
- Action - assists extension of elbow
- Innervation - Radial nerve
7
Brachialis
- Origin - Shaft of humerus
- Insertion - Ulnar tuberosity
- Action - flexion of elbow
- Innervation - Musculocutaneous nerve
All anterior compartment of upper arm = musculocutaneous nerve (innervates BBC)
8
Biceps brachii
- Origin - Long head = supraglenoid tubercle, Short head = coracoid process (both of scapula)
- Insertion - Radial tuberosity & fascia of forearm
- Action - flexion (elbow and shoulder) & supination of forearm
- Innervation - musculocutaneous nerve
10
Subscapularis
- Origin - subscapular fossa
- Insertion - Lesser tubercle of humerus
- Action - adduction & internal rotation shoulder
- Innervation - Upper & lower subscapular nerve
Superficial muscles anterior forearm
1
Pronator teres
- Origin - Medial epicondyle (CFT) & coronoid process Ulna
- Insertion - mid-shaft radius
- Action - pronation of forearm & flexion of elbow (weak)
- Innervation - Median nerve
2
(Superficial muscles anterior forearm)
Flexor carpi radialis
- Origin - Medial epicondyle humerus (CFT)
- Insertion - Base of 2nd metacarpal
- Action - Flexion & abduction of wrist
- Innervation - Median nerve
3
Superficial muscles anterior forearm
Palmaris longus
- Origin - medial epicondyle humerus (CFT)
- Insertion - Palmar aponeurosis & flexor retinaculum
- Action - Flexion of wrist
- Innervation - median nerve
4
Flexor carpi ulnaris
- Origin - Medial epicondyle & olecranon
- Insertion - Pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal
- Action - flexion & adduction of wrist
- Innervation - Ulnar nerve
5
Superficial muscles anterior forearm
Flexor digitorum superficialis
- Origin - medial epicondyle humerus & radius
- Insertion - middle phalanges of first 4 fingers
- Action - Flexion of wrist, MCP & PIP
- Innervation - median nerve
1 & 2
(deep anterior forearm btw)
1 - Flexor pollicis longus
- Origin - Radius + interosseus membrane
- Insertion - Base of distal phalanx thumb (pollicis)
- Action - Flexion of wrist, MCP & IP joints thumb
- Innervation - Anterior interosseus nerve (from median)
2 - Flexor digitorum profundus
- origin - Ulna + interosseus membrane
- Insertion - Distal phalanges of fingers (not thumb)
- Action - Flexion DIP & wrist
- Innervation:
- Lateral half = Median nerve
- Medial half = ulnar nerve
3
Deep anterior forearm
Pronator quadratus
Distal ulna to distal radius
pronates
Anterior interosseus nerve (from median nerve)
Identify them all
1
Brachioradialis
- Supracondylar ridge of humerus > distal end of the radius
- Flexes the elbow (despite being in extensor compartment)
- Radial nerve
2
Extensor carpi radialis Longus and Brevis
ERC Longus
- Supracondyler ridge –> 2nd Metacarpal
- Extension + abduction wrist
- Radial nerve
ERC brevis
- Lateral epicondyle humerus –> 3rd metacarpal
- Extension + abduction wrist
- Radial nerve
3
Extensor digitorum
- Lateral epicondyle –> extensor ‘hood’ of Digits 2-5
- Extension of wrist + MCP + IP joints
- Radial nerve
4
Extensor carpi ulnaris
- Lateral epicondyle –> base of 5th metacarpal
- Extension + adduction wrist
- Radial nerve
5
Anconeus
- Lateral epicondyle –> Olecranon
- Extension elbow
- Radial nerve
6
Extensor digiti minimi
- Lateral epicondyle humerus –> Extensor hood of D5
- Extension wrist + MCP + IP of pinkie
- Radial nerve
Identify these muscles
What innervates them?
Posterior interosseus nerve - branch of radial nerve
All posterior extensors = radial nerve
Identify the carpals
‘Some lovers try positions that they cant handle’
1 - Scaphoid
2 - Lunate
3 - Triquetrum
4 - Pisiform
5 - Trapezium
6 - Trapezoid
7 - Capitate
8 - Hamate
